نتایج جستجو برای: Implicature

تعداد نتایج: 586  

Saul (2002) criticizes a view on the relationship between speaker meaning and conversational implicatures according to which speaker meaning is exhaustively comprised of what is said and what is implicated. In the course of making her points, she develops a couple of new notions which she calls “utterer-implicature” and “audience-implicature”. She then makes certain claims about the relationshi...

Journal: :Human brain mapping 2014
Einat Shetreet Gennaro Chierchia Nadine Gaab

Making inferences beyond the literal meaning of sentences occurs with certain scalar expressions via scalar implicatures. For example, adults usually interpret some as some but not all. On the basis of behavioral research, it has been suggested that processing implicatures is cognitively costly. However, many studies have used cases where sentences with some did not match the context in which t...

2004
Janneke Huitink Jennifer Spenader

An implicature i that arises from an utterance U is cancelable if U is consistent with not i. If i is a cancelable implicature, then it is a conversational implicature. However, some particularized conversational implicatures (PCIs) cannot straightforwardly be canceled. Imagine that Mr. X is applying for a philosophy position and his teacher is writing him the following letter of recommendation:

2002
Yasuko Obana Michael Haugh

The notion of implicature was first introduced by Grice (1967, 1989), who defined it essentially as what is communicated less what is said. This definition contributed in part to the proliferation of a large number of different species of implicature by neo-Griceans. Relevance theorists have responded to this by proposing a shift back to the distinction between explicit and implicit meaning (co...

2011
Alex Stiller Noah D. Goodman Michael C. Frank

Linguistic communication relies on pragmatic implicatures such as the inference that if “some students passed the test,” not all did. Yet young children perform poorly on tests of implicature, especially scalar implicatures using “some” and “all,” until quite late in development. We investigate the origins of scalar implicature using tasks in which the scale arises from real-world context rathe...

2014
Luciana Benotti Patrick Blackburn

This paper introduces Paul Grice’s notion of conversational implicature. The basic ideas — the cooperative principle, the maxims of conversation, and the contrast between implicature and presupposition — make it clear that conversational implicature is a highly contextualized form of language use that has a lot in common with non-linguistic behavior. But what exactly is its role? We invite the ...

2000
Kate Kearns

The notion of implicature is not precisely defined, and may be compared to a concept with prototypical and peripheral instances. A prototypical implicature is a particularized conversational implicature as first proposed by Grice (1975), in which the implicature is intended by the speaker, dependent on the particular context of utterance, and calculated by identifiable inferential steps, includ...

پایان نامه :وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری - دانشگاه شیخ بهایی - دانشکده زبانهای خارجی 1392

خصیصه ی چالش برانگیز بودن ترجمه ی معنای تلویحی و کمبود تحقیقات صورت گرفته در این حوزه از مطالعات ترجمه از جمله ی دلایل انجام تحقیق حاضر بود. هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر بررسی میزان موفقیت ترجمه های معنای تلویحی گفتاری در رمان های دلباخته، غرور وتعصب و اما و همچنین تشخیص استراتژی های ترجمه ی به کار گرفته شده توسط مترجمان در ترجمه معنای تلویحی گفتاری بود. جهت نیل به این هدف، از چارچوبی سه وجهی در این تحق...

2014
Stephen Barker

Conventional implicature is conventional in the sense that it is a function of linguistic meaning and context in the way that truth-conditional content is. Nevertheless, although conventional in this sense it makes no contribution to truth-conditions. Rather it introduces a pragmatic presupposition. The delivery of content in implicature is in the mode of the unsaid. How exactly we should under...

Journal: :Language and Linguistics Compass 2014
Emmanuel Chemla Raj Singh

for Part I and Part II) There has been a recent ‘experimental turn’ in the study of scalar implicature, yielding important results concerning online processing and acquisition. This paper highlights some of these results and places them in the current theoretical context. We argue that there is sometimes a mismatch between theoretical and experimental studies, and we point out how some of these...

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