background: fasting is the islamic worship of man in order to approach god.  there is a direct relationship between fasting, abstaining from eating and drinking, and man’s health as well as ill-health. therefore, through fasting the religious and medical issues are interwoven with each other; so that man can maintain his physical heath by performing a religious worship. findings: medical propos...

objective: there have been concerns about people with mental health problems experiencing harassment in the iranian community. this study measures the prevalence and nature of harassment experienced by individuals with mental health problems and compares them with the general population. methods : face to face interviews were conducted by trained interviewers to ascertain experiences of harassm...

fasting is a form of islamic worship to approach god.  there is a direct relationship between fasting, abstaining from eating and drinking, and an individual’s health as well as his ill-health. therefore, it is of utmost importance in the islamic perspective to weigh the spiritual benefits achieved through fasting against its probable harmfulness to an individual’s health. regarding fasting, th...

background: solid waste management has emerged as an important human and environmental health issue. municipal solid waste workers (mswws) are potentially exposed to a variety of occupational biohazards and safety risks. the aim of this study was to describe health practices and safety measures adopted by workers in the main municipal company in alexandria (egypt) as well as the pattern of the ...

background: poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon that can be defined in both economic and social terms. the paper attempts to review existing evidence to understand the relation between poverty and ill health in the context of the limited conceptual and operational definitions of these terms. the paper uses two of hills criteria- reversibility and dose response relationship to understand th...

Background and aims: Poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon that can be defined in both economic and social terms. The paper attempts to review the existing evidence to understand the relation between poverty and ill health in the context of the limited conceptual and operational definitions of these terms. The paper uses two of Hills criteria- reversibility and dose response relationship to ...

Background Chronic illnesses require a long standing or lifelong adaptation. Health care plays a crucial role in this adaptation. Seeking health care for such conditions, in many developing countries, imposes a devastating social and economic burden to individuals and their families, in form of catastrophic health expenditures or impoverishment. Millions of chronically ill persons avoid health ...

Family units with a terminally ill child have a tendency to withdraw and this isolation may lead to problems in their mental health. A tendency with psychologists, clergy and helpers from other professions is to act as ideal experts on the lives of saddened people. From painful personal experience, this does not seem to enable acquiescence. Therefore, the aim of research on families with termin...