a total of 300 one-day old male broilers (cobb 500) were randomly divided into four treatment groups. the groups comprised of 15 birds each, and were defined by diet and the birds in each group were fed 0 (control), 3, 5, or 7 kgy electron-beam irradiated diets. a total of 5 replicates were performed. the chemical composition of the diet was not affected by irradiation.irradiation doses of 5 an...

a total of 240, one-day-old quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica) were used to study the effects of artichoke leaf meal (alm) and vitamin e in diet on growth performance, ileal microbial populations and intestinal morphology in a 42-d trial. this experiment was performed as a completely randomized design with 4 replicates of 15 quails each, using a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement with diet and ...

Urea kinetics were measured in a child with congenital absence of the colon on days 15, 19, and 23 of age. Urea salvage was 5% of urea production in the first study, increasing to 79% by the third. This provides evidence that the colonic microflora play a more active part in urea salvage than the mucosa and that the establishment of an active lower ileal microflora takes over some of the metabo...

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used widely in consumer and industrial products, however, their influence on gut microbiota and metabolism and their mutual interactions are not fully understood. In this study, the effects of ZnO NPs on ileal bacterial communities, plasma metabolites, and correlations between them were investigated. Hens were fed with different concentrations of ZnO NPs [...

BACKGROUND Leucocyte recruitment and inflammation are key features of high dose radiation-induced tissue injury. The inflammatory response in the gut may be more pronounced following radiotherapy due to its high bacterial load in comparison to the response in other organs. We designed a model to enable us to study the effects of radiation on leucocyte-endothelium interactions and on intestinal ...

The objective of the study was to compare the effects of antibiotic virginiamycin, probiotic Protexin® and Plantago major L. (plantain) on performance, serum metabolites, immune response, and the ileal microbial population of broilers. The experiment was carried out with a total of 200 day-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens in a completely randomized design. Chickens were allocated to five grou...

the objective of the study was to compare the effects of antibiotic virginiamycin, probiotic protexin® and plantago major l. (plantain) on performance, serum metabolites, immune response, and the ileal microbial population of broilers. the experiment was carried out with a total of 200 day-old male ross 308 broiler chickens in a completely randomized design. chickens were allocated to five grou...

Two glutathione peroxidase (GPX) isozymes, GPX-1 and GPX-2 (GPX-GI), are the major enzymes that reduce hydroperoxides in intestinal epithelium. We have previously demonstrated that targeted disruption of both the Gpx1 and Gpx2 genes (GPX-DKO) results in a high incidence of ileocolitis in mice raised under conventional conditions, which include the harboring of Helicobacter species [non-specific...

Loop ileostomy is an effective procedure to protect downstream intestinal anastomoses. Ileostomy reversal surgery is often performed within 12 months of formation but is associated with substantial morbidity due to severe post-surgical complications. Distal ileum is deprived of enteral nutrition and rendered inactive, often becoming atrophied and fibrotic. This study aimed to investigate the mi...

Mice that have a complex intestinal microflora but that do not harbor lactobacilli were used to determine the contribution of lactobacilli to the total bile salt hydrolase activity in the murine intestinal tract. Bile salt hydrolase activity in the ileal contents of these mice was reduced 86% in the absence of lactobacilli and by greater than 98% in the absence of lactobacilli and enterococci c...