Background and objective: Different local and systemic modalities are suggested in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis, but the pentavalent antimony compounds are still considered as the first line of treatment. Regarding to increase in clinical drug resistance and adverse effects, efforts to find a more effective and safer drug is continuing. The objective of this study was to compa...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Dopamine infusion for renal protection is controversial. This study aimed at observing the effects of dopamine, hypertonic solution and the association of both in dogs with water restriction, emulating preoperative fast. METHODS The following renal function parameters were studied in 32 dogs anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and fentanyl: effective renal plasma ...

Cell movement in the amoebae Dictyostelium discoideum has been examined in media differing in monovalent cation concentration (i.e. Na+ and K+). Under isotonic or even slightly hypertonic conditions, the cells move equally well in solutions in which either potassium or sodium ions dominate. However, in strongly hypertonic solutions the amoebae showed motility in a 2% potassium chloride solution...

Hypertonic saline prevents vascular adherence of neutrophils and ameliorates ischemic tissue injury. We hypothesized that hypertonic saline attenuates N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-stimulated expression of adhesion molecules on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs). fMLP-stimulated up-regulation of beta2-integrins was diminished by hypertonic saline but not by hypertonic c...

Hypertonic solutions of different substances were injected into the vertebral artery of dogs anesthetized with chloralose, preventing their access to the hypothalamic osmoreceptors by ligating the basilar artery and both the external carotid arteries. The hypertonic solution of sodium chloride produced graded inhibition of water diuresis and a concomitant rise in plasma antidiuretic hormone (AD...

To determine whether or not salt loading restricted to the brain would elevate blood pressure, chronically implanted osmotic minipumps were used to infuse hypertonic sodium chloride solutions made in artificial cerebrospinal fluid into a jugular vein intravenously or the third cerebral ventricle, intracerebroventricularly, for 11 days in awake rats. During intracerebroventricular infusion of hy...

Secretion of catecholamines (CA) from the isolated rat adrenal gland during and after perfusion with hypertonic Krebs bicarbonate solution was studied. Perfusion with hypertonic solution made by adding either 156 mM sodium chloride, choline chloride, arginine hydrochloride, sodium thiocyanate, or 312 mM sucrose had no effect on the spontaneous secretion of CA. The secretion evoked by splanchnic...

The effect of hyperosmotic solution of NaCl, urea and mannitol on Bufo viridis red blood cells were studied. The percentage of water content in B. viridis red blood cells decreased significantly in NaCl and mannitol hypertonic solutions compared to urea hypertonic solution. The urea concentration found in red blood cells in a urea hypertonic solution was significantly higher than in red blood c...