The aim is to give an understanding of the numerical approximation and solution of physical systems, especially in open channel hydraulics, but with more general application in hydraulics and fluid mechanics generally. The marriage of hydraulics and computations has not always been happy, and often unnecessarily complicated methods have been developed and used, when a little more computational ...

An adaptive Helmholtz resonator was designed and adapted to hydraulics. The resonator was controlled by openand closed-loop controls so that 20 dB attenuation of the peak-to-peak value of the pulsating pressure was maintained. The closed-loop control was noted to be better, albeit it was slower because of its low pressure and temperature variation, which caused variation in the effective bulk m...

Thermal hydraulics of nuclear reactor as a basis of reactor safety has a very important role in reactor design and control. The thermal-hydraulic analysis provides input data to the reactor-physics analysis, whereas the latter gives information about the distribution of heat sources, which is needed to perform the thermal-hydraulic analysis. In this study single heated channel model as a very f...

Leaves are extraordinarily variable in form, longevity, venation architecture, and capacity for photosynthetic gas exchange. Much of this diversity is linked with water transport capacity. The pathways through the leaf constitute a substantial (>or=30%) part of the resistance to water flow through plants, and thus influence rates of transpiration and photosynthesis. Leaf hydraulic conductance (...