with careful design, mixed microstructures consisting of fine plates of upper bainitic ferrite separated by thinfilms of stable retained austenite have exhibited impressive combinations of strength and toughness in highsiliconbainitic steels. the silicon suppresses the precipitation of brittle cementite leading to an improvement intoughness. the essential principles governing the optimisation o...

With careful design, mixed microstructures consisting of fine plates of upper bainitic ferrite separated by thin films of stable retained austenite have exhibited impressive combinations of strength and toughness in highsilicon bainitic steels. The silicon suppresses the precipitation of brittle cementite leading to an improvement in toughness. The essential principles governing the optimisatio...

Causes for deposition of defective galvanized coating (lumpy deposition of coating during hot dip galvanizing) of carbon-steel wire have been investigated. It is established that the lumpy deposition is caused due to segregation of silicon on the surface of steel wire. Due to this change in composition of the steel at surface, the regions get modified and lie in Sandelin hyper reactive zone. Th...

The vertical stripe defects on silicon steel surface seriously affect the appearance and electromagnetic properties of silicon steel products. Eliminating such defects is adifficult and urgent technical problem. This paper investigates the relationship between the defects and their influence factors by classification methods. However, when the common classification methods are used in the probl...

Thin-film transistors have been fabricated in polycrystalline silicon films on steel foil. The polycrystalline silicon films were formed by the crystallization of hydrogenated amorphous silicon, which had been deposited on 200-mm-thick foils of stainless steel coated with ;0.5-mm-thick layers of SiO2. We employed crystallization temperatures ~and duration! of 600 °C ~6 h!, 650 °C ~1 h!, and 700...

We report on the first encapsulated rotary ball bearing mechanism using silicon microfabrication and stainless steel balls. The method of capturing stainless steel balls within a silicon race to support a silicon rotor both axially and radially is developed for rotary micro machines and MEMS ball bearing tribology studies. Initial demonstrations show speeds up to 6.8 krpm without lubrication, w...

BACKGROUND Previous research has suggested that the silicon BD Atomic Edge knife has superior performance characteristics when compared to a metal knife and performance similar to diamond knife when making various incisions. This study was designed to determine whether a silicon accurate depth knife has equivalent performance characteristics when compared to a diamond limbal relaxing incision (...

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were deposited on various substrates namely untreated silicon and quartz, Fe-deposited silicon and quartz, HF-treated silicon, silicon nitride-deposited silicon, copper foil, and stainless steel mesh using thermal chemical vapor deposition technique. The optimum parameters for the growth and the microstructure of the synthesized CNTs on these substrates are described. Th...

This study showed pronounced changes in the Raman scattering of silicon powder during high-energy ball milling. The powders were milled for 1–18 h in a steel ball mill in argon. The approximate pressure imposed on particles was 2 GPa. The spectra of the as-milled powders were compared with the initial silicon. It was found from the Raman peak position shifts that milling generated strains in th...

With increasing competition in the global market continuous research are done to optimize the behavior of materials to be used in transformer. Since silicon (Si) comprises a very good crystallographic arrangement then that of iron (Fe), silicon is fused with iron for considerable reduction of leakage flux in it. A novel M19 high grade silicon steel core has been introduced for 1 KVA 415/230V de...