This study identifies and analyzes factors influencing canola plantation development in Tabriz and Marand Counties. The Censored Model was used to analyze cross-sectional data collected from 372 farmers using a questionnaire. Due to the weakness of the Tobit Model in separating factors affecting the adoption decision of farmers and factors affecting the rate of adoption, the Heckman Model was e...

The study investigates the effect of external commercial borrowings ( ECB ) on outward foreign direct investment OFDI using data Indian manufacturing firms from 2008 to 2020. Our analysis, Heckman two-step procedure (1979), suggests a positive firms’ . results indicate that more leverage and are with higher intensity.

PURPOSE The objective of this paper is to provide a new method for estimating crash rate and severity simultaneously. METHODS This study explores a Heckman selection model of the crash rate and severity simultaneously at different levels and a two-step procedure is used to investigate the crash rate and severity levels. The first step uses a probit regression model to determine the sample sel...

Survey non-response is an important problem in statistics, economics and social sciences. The paper reviews the missing data framework of Little & Rubin [Little and Rubin, 1986]. It presents a survey of techniques to deal with non-response in surveys using a likelihood based approach. The focuses on the case where the probability of a data missing depends on its value. The paper uses the two-st...

The classical Heckman (1976, 1979) selection correction estimator (heckit) is misspecified and inconsistent if an interaction of the outcome variable and an explanatory variable matters for selection. To address this specification problem, a full information maximum likelihood estimator and a simple two-step estimator are developed. Monte-Carlo simulations illustrate that the bias of the ordina...

The classical Heckman (1976, 1979) selection correction estimator (heckit) is misspecified and inconsistent if an interaction of the outcome variable and an explanatory variable matters for selection. To address this specification problem, a full information maximum likelihood estimator and a simple two-step estimator are developed. Monte-Carlo simulations illustrate that the bias of the ordina...