giant left atria are defined as those measuring larger than 8 cm and are typically found in patients who have rheumatic mitral valve disease with severe regurgitation. enlargement of the left atrium may create compression of the surrounding structures such as the esophagus, pulmonary veins, respiratory tract, lung, inferior vena cava, recurrent laryngeal nerve, and thoracic vertebrae and lead t...

objectives in order to provide a pharmacological profile for some newly synthesized dihydropyridines, we investigated their effects on the isolated rat colon segments and the isolated rat atrium contractility. the tested compounds include alkyl ester analogues of nifedipine, in which the ortho-nitrophenyl group at position 4 is replaced by 2-alkylthio-1-benzyl-5-imidazolyl substituent, and nife...

right atrial dilation due to left heart disease is a common complication among adults. the present review aimed to describe a case of massively dilated right atrium in a female patient presenting with valvular heart disease and no atrial fibrillation. the results of chest x-ray revealed a large opacity filling the lower right hemithorax, falsely interpreted as a mediastinal mass. during the tra...

the presence of tumor thrombus in the right atrium is frequently the result of direct intraluminal extension of infra-diaphragmatic malignancy into the inferior vena cava (ivc) or supradiaphragmatic carcinoma into the superior vena cava (svc). right atrial tumor thrombus with extension into both svc and ivc has not been reported in the literature. we present a patient who presented with symptom...

atrial septal defect (asd) is a common congenital anomaly that has low surgical mortality and morbidity. we report a very rare case of a low-lying asd, combined with the drainage of the inferior vena cava and the left superior vena cava into the left atrium. this combination was associated with an unroofed coronary sinus. we also describe an iatrogenic surgical diversion of the inferior vena ca...

patients and methods in 382 subjects admitted in the emergency department (ed), we evaluated maximal (volmax) and minimal (volmin) la volumes and la emptying fraction (la-ef), from rt-3d images, with a semiautomated border detection program. a follow-up was performed in order to evaluate all-cause mortality and new hospital admission for cardiovascular events. objectives aims of this study were...

background rheumatismal mitral stenosis is less common today than it was several decades ago, but it is a common cause of mitral stenosis (ms) in the developing world. mitral valve stenosis symptoms include fatigue, palpitations, and shortness of breath especially with exertion. objectives the purpose of this prospective study was to determine the incidence of left atrial (la) thrombus and the ...

Symptomatic atrial tachyarrhythmia (AT) after heart transplantation occurs in nearly 10% of orthotopic heart transplant recipients, with atrial flutter (AFL) being the most common. Case reports have described adult transplant recipients presenting with multiple ATs in the donor as well as native atria. However, there have been no reports of heart transplant recipients with biatrial anastomosis ...

Complete heart block implies an absolute independence between atria and ventricles that does not in fact always exist. Segers showed that, after complete block was artificially produced in the frog's heart, atria and ventricles would sometimes begin to beat exactly in phase, most commonly in a 2 to 1 ratio. He subsequently reported one clinical example of 2 to 1 A-V synchronization in a patient...