This review is concerned with the concentrations of lead in human whole blood, erythrocytes, plasma, serum, soft tissues, bone, and urine. The extent to which redistribution of some of the bound lead occurs is outlines. The effects of lead on enzyme activities and on the accumulation of metabolic intermediates in the blood and urine are described. A brief section deals with the range of signs a...

background: health hazards associated with exposure due to the natural radioactivity which is a part of our physical environment are of great concern. in order to assess the risks associated with exposure due to the natural radioactivity in soil and building materials, extensive studies have been carried out all over the world. the most commonly encountered radionuclide’s are 238u, 232th, their...

background: natural radionuclides are always present in the environment. human exposure to the background radiation is inevitable. it is therefore important to assess health risk associated with these radionuclides. materials and methods: the distribution of natural radionuclides 238u, 232th and 40k in soil samples collected from all the twenty (20) local governments headquarter areas in ogun s...

the present paper measures natural radioactivity in different areas of wassit governorate, using (hpge) detector. gamma spectrum analysis for each sample along with caululated specific activity show that the average concentrations of u-238, th-232, and k-40 have been 19.420±4.7 bq/kg, 18.487±5.05 bq/kg, and 204.266±46.9 bq/kg respectively, which is lower than the worldwide average value. while ...

Practitioners and researchers use vulnerability indices to understand the conditions that influence hazard risk. However, there has been little research on how well such depict household-scale specific hazards. We examined relationships between an all-hazard index a hazard-specific with household-level adaptive resources, behaviors, proximate sensitivities, self-reported health outcomes related...

The research may or may not be epidemiological but there is a high likelihood that it would use the epidemiological indices discussed in this note. Rate, risk, hazard, incidence, and prevalence are everyday indices of disease occurrence that are used in a large number of research endeavours. Although these indices apparently look simple but many researchers are not fully comfortable in their us...

Background: Metal pollution is a problem in many parts of the world. These metals can be harmful when they exceed the recommended limits. By analyzing metal concentrations in living organisms, it is possible to deduce the bioavailability and the level of environmental contamination for specific metals in an ecosystem. The aim of this study was to determine the heavy metals copper, cadmium, lead...

We use the properties of the Matuszewska indices to show asymptotic inequalities for hazard rates. We discuss the relation between membership in the classes of dominatedly or extended rapidly varying tail distributions and corresponding hazard rate conditions. Convolution closure is established for the class of distributions with extended rapidly varying tails.