The identification of crash hotspots is the first step of the highway safety management process. Errors in hotspot identification may result in the inefficient use of resources for safety improvements and may reduce the global effectiveness of the safety management process. Despite the importance of using effective hotspot identification (HSID) methods, only a few researchers have compared the ...

The identification of crash hotspots is the critical component of the highway safety management process. Errors in hotspot identification (HSID) may result in the inefficient use of resources for safety improvements. One HSID method that is based on the empirical Bayesian (EB) method has been widely used as an effective approach for identifying crash-prone sites. For the EB method, the negative...

Hotspot identification (HSID) is the first and key step of the expressway safety management process. This study presents a new HSID method using the quantitative risk assessment (QRA) technique. Crashes that are likely to happen for a specific site are treated as the risk. The aggregation of the crash occurrence probability for all exposure vehicles is estimated based on the empirical Bayesian ...

Crash hotspot identification (HSID) is an essential component of traffic management authorities’ efforts to improve safety and allocate limited resources. This paper presents a method for identifying hotspots using self-organizing maps (SOM). The SOM was used identify high-risk areas based on five commonly HSID methods: crash frequency, equivalent property damage only, rate, empirical Bayes, th...

Despite the identification of crash hotspots as a first step of the roads safety management process, with various effective black spots identification (HSID) methods, only a few researchers have compared the performance of these methods; also it is not clear which test is the most consistent in the black-spots identification. In this research, seven commonly applied HSID methods (accident frequ...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARs) modulate target gene expression in response to unsaturated fatty acid ligands, such as arachidonic acid (AA). Here, we report that the AA metabolite 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15HETE) activates the ligand-dependent activation domain (AF2) of PPAR / in vivo, competes with synthetic agonists in a PPAR / ligand binding assay in vitro, and tr...