This study examines the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in mobilizing grassroot environmental movements. In recent years, the rise of social media has allowed the community to assume the role of driver without relying on central and formal leadership in people movements. Yet how this new form of technology enables grassroot organizing has remained theoretically obscure. ...

The current society can be associated with such terms as information and technology winners, expert systems, and ‘know-how’. While members’ active participation has been seen as important, neither the shift from information usage to information technology (IT) usage is fully understood, nor is the source of innovation. In this paper, a framework for studying grassroot innovating conditions is d...

The modernization of grassroot governance cannot be separated from the effective participation local people. In process modernizing governance, there is still a long way to go achieve community level democracy and expand citizens’ participation. lack capacity, problems such as “going through motions” in elections government crisis trust stem governance. order modernize we must deepen reform imp...

3. SNS AS POLYVALENT TOOLS OF MULTILATERAL ASSOCIATION 10 3.1 Reinforcing existing offline relations 10 3.2 Conserving and revitalizing older relationships 11 3.3 Efficient use of social capital and management of many "weak ties" 12 3.4 Extended reach of highly trusted weak ties 14 3.5 Empowerment of informal network relations vis-à-vis formal institutional structures 16 3.6 Lowering the thresh...

In the literature many claims are formulated about what might be accomplished in actual teaching practice when computers are used in a proper and intensive way. Therefore, in this study we analyse how three leading schools in the lower general secondary education sector in The Netherlands are using computers in their curriculum. The resuhs show that these schools have hardly passed the stage of...

In a prospective community based study of the distribution and determinants of stillbirths in a rural area of Maharashtra, India, that was carried out for two years, 3129 singleton and 22 twin births were recorded in a population of 47 000. Of the 3173 babies, 85 singletons and five of the twins were stillborn giving a stillbirth rate of 28.4/1000 births. The causes of stillbirths are analysed ...