grade control structures are hydraulic structures used to stabilize a river bed. scour downstream of this structure is the main cause of its failure. studies have developed numerous empirical relations for scour depth prediction that designers must choose between to decide the most effective equation for a specific application. this study tested the condition of submerged jets over beds of sedi...

rade control structures are used to control bed erosion in steep small rivers mostly in the mountains. scour downstream of this structure can lead to failure. over the past years, the effect of different variables on this phenomena have been studied, however the effect of upward seepage which is common due to head difference of the banks water table or water surface level between the upstream a...

A theoretical investigation of local scour downstream of grade-control structures based on two-dimensional jet diffusion and particle stability is experimentally verified. Turbulent jet diffusion reduces fluid velocity near the bed particles and equilibrium scour is obtained when noncohesive bed particles cannot be removed from the scour hole. Equilibrium scour depth is written as a function of...

Most studies on local scouring at grade control structures have principally focused the analysis of primary flow field, predicting equilibrium scour depth. Despite numerous processes, secondary currents were not often considered. Based comprehensive measurements velocities in clear water scours downstream a structure channel with non-cohesive sediments, this study, we attempted to investigate g...