It is a scientist’s mission to try to remain unbiased. However, certain factors play a role in scientific analyses that are not controlled by conscious thought. These factors are potentially very important in areas of science where interpretations are based on a scientist’s ability to identify patterns or structures. One such area is the micromorphology of glacial sediments. In this paper we in...

abstract a mountain glacier, when it occupies a river valley, immediately begins to change the cross-section and profile of that valley. river valleys in mountain areas tends to have v-shaped profiles. glaciers work to widen as well as deepen their valleys and the typical cross-section of a glacial valley is u-shaped. the u-shaped glacial valley is one of the most characteristic of glacial land...

Late Neogene paleoceanographic history in the western North Pacific is discussed on the basis of: (1) Td (diatom temperature) values, (2) species composition, and (3) the structure of diatom assemblages at Sites 579 and 580. These factors provide a record of fluctuations of the past position of the subarctic-subtropic front because these sites lie within the transition zone between the modern d...

equilibrium-line altitudes (elas) of former glaciers in the zardkuh mountain of the zagros mountain range were reconstructed from glacial-geologic data on former ice limits by using various methods. in the study area various types of glacial landforms such as outwash fans, moraines and well developed glacial cirques are observed. the results suggest that ela were depressed 1433 m below to prese...

The morphology of glacial valley can be described in terms of power law or quadratic equations fitted to valley cross-profiles. These two models are used to study the cross-profiles of 86 valley cross-profiles in the Zardkuh Mountain in order to understand the evolutional patterns of valleys. Assessment of using the power law function indicates that b values for both valley sides range from 1.0...

[1] Estimates of 20th Century sea level rise are typically 1.5 to 2 mm/y, with a steric contribution of (0.5 ± 0.2) mm/y. Estimates of the eustatic contribution vary widely between 1.1 and +1.3 mm/y. We attempt an independent estimate of eustatic sea level rise based on the measured freshening of the global ocean, and with attention to the contribution from melting of sea ice (which affects fre...