resistance of the weanling rat to acetaminophen (ap ap)-induced hepatotoxicity is manifested with regard to a surge in apap-glutathione (osh) conjugate formation in the liver [allameh et al. mech aging dev 95(1997)71]. the present study was conducted to assess the role of this detoxification pathway in apapinduced lipid per6xidationin the liver. lipid peroxidation measured as thiobarbituric aci...

it has been proposed that organic nitrates such as glyceryl trinitrate (gtn), used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, act by producing nitric oxide (no). however, the biochemical pathway for no formation from gtn is not well understood. in the present study, we showed that nitrate formation from gtn, by isolated rat hepatocytes, was inhibited about 50% when cellular glutathione was de...

Antimycin A (AMA) inhibits mitochondrial electron transport between cytochrome b and c. We recently demonstrated that AMA inhibits the growth of lung cancer Calu-6 cells and the changes of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) levels affect apoptosis in Calu-6 cells. Here, we examined the effects of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC, a well known antioxidant), L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, ...

Resistance of the weanling rat to acetaminophen (AP AP)-induced hepatotoxicity is manifested with regard to a surge in APAP-glutathione (OSH) conjugate formation in the liver [Allameh et al. Mech Aging Dev 95(1997)71]. The present study was conducted to assess the role of this detoxification pathway in APAPinduced lipid per6xidationin the liver. Lipid peroxidation measured as thiobarbituric...

Depletion of cellular glutathione (GSH) enhances the efficacy of many anticancer agents in preclinical systems. Limited published data showing depletion of GSH in vitro and in patients by ifosfamide and/or mesna provided the rationale for a Phase I trial. Ifosfamide and mesna were infused over 24 and 36 h, respectively, at equal daily doses; carboplatin was given after ifosfamide to a target pl...

We have determined the effect of glutathione (GSH) depletion on the cytotoxicity of three nitrogen mustards, six platinum complexes, and mitomycin C in a human ovarian carcinoma cell line. GSH levels in COLO 316 cells were depleted by exposure of cell monolayers to 0.5 mM D,L-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine. GSH depletion significantly potentiated the cytotoxicity of L-phenylalanine mustard, chloram...

We have determined the effect of glutathione (GSH) depletion on the cytotoxicity of three nitrogen mustards, six platinum complexes, and mitomycin C in a human ovarian carcinoma cell line. GSH levels in COLO 316 cells were depleted by exposure of cell monolayers to 0.5 mM o,L-buthionine-S,fl-sulfoximine. GSH depletion significantly potentiated the cytotoxicity of Lphenylalanine mustard, chloram...

The anticancer drug cyclophosphamide induces granulosa cell apoptosis and is detoxified by glutathione (GSH) conjugation. We previously showed that both cyclophosphamide treatment and GSH depletion induced granulosa cell apoptosis in rats, but the role of GSH in apoptosis in human ovarian cells has not been studied. Using the COV434 human granulosa cell line, we tested the hypotheses that (1) G...

Auranofin (Au), an inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase, is a known anti‑cancer drug. In the present study, the anti‑growth effect of Au on HeLa cervical cancer cells was examined in association with levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH). Au inhibited the growth of HeLa cells with an IC50 of ~2 µM at 24 h. This agent induced apoptosis and necrosis, accompanied by the cleav...

Enzymic depletion of glutathione (GSH) in vitro by aniline analogs was mostly dependent on the cytochrome P-450 level in liver microsomes. In a case of acetaminophen (AAP), active metabolite of AAP formed through liver microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes consumed GSH. The active metabolite formed binds, at least in part, covalently to liver microsomal proteins. In addition, species differences...