Abstract: The availability of GLONASS would bring significant benefits to geodetic applications of global positioning systems. GPS and GLONASS observations could be combined directly in the data processing; as a result, the geometry of observed satellites could be enhanced by increasing the number of available satellites. Up to now, with the recent revitalization of GLONASS, more high precision...

Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is currently based on the processing of only GPS observations. Its positioning accuracy, availability and reliability are very dependent on the number of visible satellites, which is often insufficient in the environments such as urban canyons, mountain and open-pit mines areas. Even in the open area where sufficient GPS satellites are available, the accuracy and...

With the recent rapid revival of the GLONASS constellation, it is possible for the GLONASS system to provide Full Operational Capability (FOC) service before the end of 2011. CDMA signals are now additionally modulated onto the first GLONASS-K satellite which was launched on February 26, 2011. It is envisaged that GNSS users will benefit from more visible satellites, better precision and higher...

Integer ambiguity resolution is critical for achieving positions of high precision and for shortening the convergence time of precise point positioning (PPP). However, GLONASS adopts the signal processing technology of frequency division multiple access and results in inter-frequency code biases (IFCBs), which are currently difficult to correct. This bias makes the methods proposed for GPS ambi...

GLONASS has been proposed as an augmentation to GPS/LAAS. We examine the incremental benefits of the additional signals from GLONASS to the availability of service for precision approaches. The methodology used for the modeling of availability is the same as that adopted previously for the analysis of GPS/LAAS. The inclusion of GLONASS signals requires provision for adapting the models of measu...

For critical navigation applications such as aircraft approach and landing, there is a general desire to use multi-constellation global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) to enhance availability and reliability. The Russian Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) is so far the only other constellation nearly as developed as the Global Positioning System (GPS). A thorough characterization ...

The University of Nottingham Ningbo China (UNNC) has full access to the Beidou system, QZSS, GLONASS, Galileo and GPS on its campus. Currently UNNC has a number of GNSS receivers that can access the multi-GNSS constellation, these being a ComNav K508 triple frequency GPS/BeiDou/GLONASS system, Unicore UR240-CORS-II and UR240-RTK GPS/BeiDou receivers, Javad SIGMA and TIUMPH-VS multi GNSS receive...

We thank the referee for valuable comments. Responses to specific issues are listed below. > 1, It would be good to have several sentences to describe how the current MAPGPS estimate the receiver bias. The previous MAPGPS method is described in the papers that we refer to. We will add more details to the final revision. > 2, In my personal opinion, the proposed method is very useful on estimati...