A biologically inspired spiking neural network model, called pulse-coupled neural networks (PCNN), has been applied in an automatic inspection machine to detect visible foreign particles intermingled in glucose or sodium chloride injection liquids. Proper mechanisms and improved spin/stop techniques are proposed to avoid the appearance of air bubbles, which increases the algorithms' complexity....

Ocular tissues from two enucleated and one trabeculectomized human eyes with siderosis bulbi were studied by electron microscopy. Ferritin particles were demonstrated in various cell types of the three eyes. Other types of iron were not identifiable. The ferritin particles were scattered throughout the cytoplasm, with a few particles in the nucleus and extracellular space. More ferritin particl...

Recombinant viral or virus-like particles offer new tools for vaccine development. This study investigated hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) capsids and RNA phage Qbeta coats as carriers of a foreign epitope to induce antibody responses in mice. HBcAg capsids were shown to induce T cell-independent (TI) antibodies. We found that these particles behave as antigen-specific TI type 1 (TI-1) Ag comp...

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Impaction of foreign bodies in the soft tissues is a sequela of traumatic and penetrating injuries. Such foreign bodies should be removed due to the complications they cause. Patient's history, clinical evaluation and imaging examinations aid in the proper detection and localization of the foreign bodies. PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to compare the sensiti...

Sanded acrylic surfaces have been examined with optical microscopy for evidence of grit embedded by the sanding process. The number of surface imperfections (pits or particles) larger than 5 microns was a factor of two to three times larger in the sanded surface than on a surface that had not been sanded. It was usually possible to distinguish an empty pit from a foreign particle, and the analy...

Mucus secretions typically protect exposed surfaces of the eyes and respiratory, gastrointestinal and female reproductive tracts from foreign entities, including pathogens and environmental ultrafine particles. We hypothesized that excess exposure to some foreign particles, however, may cause disruption of the mucus barrier. Many synthetic nanoparticles are likely to be mucoadhesive due to hydr...

ingestion of foreign bodies is common and conservative treatment can eliminated most particlesfrom the gastrointestinal tractunless peritoneal signs appear. a 22-year-old man presented to emergency department who had ingested glass particles of a crushed beverage bottle. he complained of epigastric and periumbilical pain. physical examination did not revealany peritoneal signs. abdominal x-ray ...

the theory of contact mechanics deals with stresses and deformations which arise when the surfaces of two solid bodies are brought into contact. in elastic deformation contact occurs over a finite area. a regular method for determining the dimensions of this area is hertz contact model. appearance of atomic force microscope results in introduction of contact mechanics into biology. low elastici...

Sir,—The hypothesis of wear particles causing foreign-body reaction, periprosthetic osteolysis and eventually prosthetic loosening was already put forward in the 1970s (Brinkmann and Heilmann 1974, Willert et al. 1974). The term cement disease was coined in the 1980s (Jones and Hungerford 1987), generalized to particle disease in the 1990s (Harris 1994), and wear particles are still widely cons...