background: poor ovarian response phenomenon has been observed in some of the in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer patients. some investigations found that follicle stimulating hormone receptor (fshr) gene plays a role in the process, but no direct evidence shows the correlation between genotypes of fshr and ovarian response. objective: exploring the molecular mechanism behind the mutation of...

background: polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) is a disorder in which there are numerous benign cysts that form on ovaries under a thick white covering that is one of the causes of infertility. follistatin is a single chain glycosylated polypeptide that can bind to activin. when follistatin binds to activin it suppresses the role of activin to stimulate the secretion of follicle stimulating hormo...

background: diabetic men have been claimed to have lower serum free testosterone (ft) concentrations than non-diabetic men. the aim of this study was to investigate if serum ft, luteinizing hormone (lh), and follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) concentrations are different in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with healthy men and to identify factors associated with low serum testost...

introduction: follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) is one of the pituitary glycoproteines that it consists of two subunits alpha and beta. the beta subunit is responsible for the biological activity of fsh. the aim of present study was isolation of the β subunit coding sequence containing its signal sequence from human genome and then cloning of the isolated sequence in ppic9 shuttle vector under...

background: the predictive roles of follicle stimulating hormone (fsh), anti-mullerian hormone (amh) and antral follicle count (afc) as ovarian reserve markers in women with different age groups are not established well. objective: this study compares the value of fsh, amh and afc at the time of     in vitro fertilization (ivf) treatment in different age groups. materials and methods: in this c...

Ob-Rb: Long isoform of leptin receptor. Ob-Ra, Ob-RcÖOb-Rf: Short isoforms of leptin receptor. FSH: Follicle stimulating hormone. IGF-I: Insulin-like growth factor type 1. BCL-2: B-cell lymphoma 2. Bax: Bcl-2-associated X protein. DMEM: Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium. ER: Estrogen receptor alpha. ER: Estrogen receptor beta. AR: Androgen receptor. LHR: Luteinizing hormone receptor. FSHR: Folli...

stem cells are generally defined as clonogenic cells capable of both self-renewal and differentiation. probably the best method for long-term preservation of spermatogonial stem cells is cryopreservation. in this study, effects of follicle stimulating hormone and testosterone on viability rate of cryopreserved spermatogonial stem cell after thawing were investigated. sertoli and spermatogonial ...

background: in vitro maturation (ivm) of oocytes reduces the costs and averts the side-effects of gonadotropin stimulation for in vitro fertilization (ivf). reliable ivm is an intellectual, scientific and clinical challenge with a number of potential applications. objective: the effect of hcg was evaluated on the timing and regulation of in vitro ovulation for the syrian mice oocytes in the pre...

background: follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) plays an essential role in reproductive physiology and follicular development. objective: a new variant of the equine fsh (efsh) gene was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in pichia pastoris (p. pastoris) gs115 yeast expression system. materials and methods: the full-length cdnas of the efshα and efshβ chains were amplified by reverse transcription ...

Abbreviations: BC: Before Christ; UV: Ultraviolet; NCBI: National Center For Biotechnology Information; Mirna: Microrna; IL-1: Interleukin 1; MSH: Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone; ACTH: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; LH: Luteinizing Hormone; FSH: Follicle-Stimulating Hormone; MC1R: Melanocortin Type 1 Receptor; ER: Estrogen Receptor ; PR :Progesterone Receptor; TPO: Thyroid Peroxidase; TSH: Thyroi...