Lychee (Litchi chinensis) has been analyzed for cytokinins in buds before and after flower bud differentiation, using reversephase high performance liquid chromatography in combination with Amaranthus bioassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring. Four cytokinins, zeatin, zeatin riboside, N(6)-(delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenine, and N(6)-(delta(6)-isopentenyl) adenine rib...

We searched for bioactive substances involved in flower bud formation of Arabidopsis thaliana. some significantly decreasing HPLC peaks were detected in the extract of flower buds-forming A. thaliana compared with that of the non-flower bud-forming stage. Compound 1, which corresponded to the most decreased HPLC peak, was isolated from aerial parts of A. thaliana. From NmR and ms data, compound...

Profitability assessment has prime importance for every crop husbandry practice and cultural operation. For this purpose, two field experiment was carried out to investigate the response of spring planted sunflower hybrids to different irrigation levels/schedules and foliar application of abscisic acid. Two studies were done at the Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad,...

We compared microsporogenesis and flower development in Eucalyptus urophylla × E. tereticornis. In this study, although microsporogenesis and cytokinesis occurred simultaneously during meiosis of pollen mother cells, we observed a strong asynchronism in different anthers from a flower bud. The developmental period of microsporogenesis in anthers originated from the long thrum before the short t...

Pistachio produces an abundant number of inflorescent buds every year (during spring and early summer) which abscise mainly on fruiting branches during seed development. Competition of the developing ovaries/seeds with inflorescent buds for nutrients was suggested as being primarily responsible for bud abscission. Although leaf N correlated with bud retention, foliar application of N did not re...

The regulatory mechanisms underlying bud breaking (scale leaf elongation) and flowering in the lateral flower buds of Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai 'Kosui') are unknown. To more fully characterize these processes, we treated pear trees with different amounts of chilling initiated at different times. Chilling for ∼900 h at 6 °C always induced bud breaking (scale elongation in ≥70% lateral...

abstract the present research was done to evaluate proline, proteins and sugars of flower buds of pistachio trees during phonological stages. this study was conducted using a split-plot design with three replications considered time as main factor (5 stages) and cultivars (ahmad-aghaee, ouhadi, kaleh-ghochi and akbari) as secondary factor. the experiment was conducted at ferdowsi university of ...

Wintering flower buds of cold hardy Rhododendron japonicum cooled slowly to subfreezing temperatures are known to undergo extraorgan freezing, whose mechanisms remain obscure. We revisited this material to demonstrate why bud scales freeze first in spite of their lower water content, why florets remain deeply supercooled and how seasonal adaptive responses occur in regard to extraorgan freezing...