Due to the complexities of objects and the vagueness of the human mind, it has attracted considerable attention from researchers studying fuzzy classification algorithms. In this paper, we propose a concept of fuzzy relative entropy to measure the divergence between two fuzzy sets. Applying fuzzy relative entropy, we prove the conclusion that patterns with high fuzziness are close to the classi...

in this paper, two inverse problems of stephen kind with local (dirichlet) boundary conditions are investigated. in the first problem only a part of boundary is unknown and in the second problem, the whole of boundary is unknown. for the both of problems, at first, analytic expressions for unknown boundary are presented, then by using these analytic expressions for unknown boundaries and bounda...

In this paper we describe and analyze some modified boundary element methods to solve exterior boundary value problems for the Helmholtz equation with either Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. The proposed approach avoids spurious modes even in the case of Lipschitz boundaries. Moreover, the regularisation is done based on boundary integral operators which are already available in standa...

An analytic solution is presented describing ̄ow to a drain in a semi-in®nite domain bounded by a leaky layer of constant thickness. The solution is developed by applying the method of images to two parallel boundaries: an inhomogeneity boundary and an equipotential boundary. It is then demonstrated that the solution for the problem with the leaky layer approximated by a leaky boundary (a mixed...

A boundary element method has been developed for the analysis of 3D eddy current problems. This method is based on the boundary integral equation formulation with equivalent electric and magnetic currents and electric charge as unknowns. Linear shape functions, defined parametrically over a quadrilateral element, have been selected for the Galerkin’s method.

in this paper we study the boundary layer problems in which boundary conditions are non-local. here we try to find the necessary conditions by the help of fundamental solution to the given adjoint equation. by getting help from these conditions, at first the boundary condition is changed from non-local to local. the main aim of this paper is to identify the location of the boundary layer. in ot...

singular perturbation problems have been studied by many mathematicians. since the approximate solutions of these problems are as the sum of internal solution (boundary layer area) and external ones, the formation or non-formation of boundary layers should be specified. this paper, investigates this issue for a singular perturbation problem including a first order differential equation with gen...

‎in this paper‎, ‎we consider an inverse boundary value problem for two-dimensional heat equation in an annular domain‎. ‎this problem consists of determining the temperature on the interior boundary curve from the cauchy data (boundary temperature and heat flux) on the exterior boundary curve‎. ‎to this end‎, ‎the boundary integral equation method is used‎. ‎since the resulting system of linea...

the isogeometric analysis is increasingly used in various engineering problems. it is based on non-uniform rational b-splines (nurbs) basis function applied for the solution field approximation and the geometry description. one of the major concerns with this method is finding an efficient approach to impose essential boundary conditions, especially for inhomogeneous boundaries. the main contri...

a lattice boltzmann method is applied to demonstrate the comparison results of simulating natural convection in an open end cavity using different hydrodynamic and thermal boundary conditions. the prandtl number in the present simulation is 0.71, rayleigh numbers are 104,105 and 106 and viscosities are selected 0.02 and 0.05. on-grid bounce-back method with first-order accuracy and non-slip met...