It is well known that some reducing substances, resembling true sugars in their behavior, occur almost invariably in plant extracts and may introduce great errors into the estimation of those sugars. Since the soluble sugars commonly present in plants (glucose, fructose, sucrose and maltose) are easily fermented by yeast, this phenomenon suggests itself as a convenient and practicable method fo...

BACKGROUND Fermentable sugars are important intermediates in the biological conversion of biomass. Hemicellulose and amorphous cellulose are easily hydrolyzed to fermentable sugars in dilute acid, whereas crystalline cellulose is more difficult to be hydrolyzed. Cellulose fast pyrolysis is an alternative method to liberate valuable fermentable sugars from biomass. The amount of levoglucosan gen...

Kitchen wastes containing high amounts of carbohydrates have potential as low-cost substrates for fermentable sugar production. In this study, enzymatic saccharification of kitchen waste was carried out. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the enzymatic saccharification conditions of kitchen waste. This paper presents analysis of RSM in a predictive model of the combined ...

Use of ionic liquids has provided a potential effective alternative in the conversion of carbohydrates in lignocellulosic materials into fermentable sugars for ethanol production. To evaluate how the remained ionic liquids in the fermentable sugars affect the subsequent ethanol fermentation process, the effects of ionic liquid 1butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) in the medium at diff...

Abundant plant biomass has the potential to become a sustainable source of fuels and chemicals. Realizing this potential requires the economical conversion of recalcitrant lignocellulose into useful intermediates, such as sugars. We report a high-yielding chemical process for the hydrolysis of biomass into monosaccharides. Adding water gradually to a chloride ionic liquid-containing catalytic a...

Conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fuel ethanol involves pretreatments followed by enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis to generate fermentable sugars. Efficient pretreatment method can significantly enhance hydrolysis of biomass and thus reduce ethanol production cost. Cellulosic plant materials are mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the cheapest source of fermentable sugars....