introduction: levofloxacin is one of the antibiotics with wide treatment application which is often applied for treating infections of genitourinary system and lower respiratory tract. noting that most antibiotics can affect the structure of ovary tissue, we have launched research into the effect of levofloxacin on hormone disorder resulting from tissue damage. methods: in this survey, 40 wista...

objective(s):lead (pb) is a toxic metal inducing many destructive effects leading to a broad range of physiological, biochemical, and neurological dysfunctions in humans and laboratory animals. materials and methods: here, we investigated the effect of chronic exposure to pb (50 mg/l) on oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and lipid profile of two different age groups of female ra...

the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of α2-adrenergic agonist (xylazine) andantagonist (yohimbine) on phasic pain during estrous cycle in female rats. adult female rats weighing 180-220 g were kept under controlled temperature (21-24°c) and light/dark conditions (light on at 6:00 a.m. and light off at 6:00 p.m.). animals were divided into four groups: 1) control group whic...

conclusions the extract contains substances that are effective on the delivery rate, sex ratio, and the number of newborns in the female rats. it may affect through the ionic changes in the rats, by modifying the activity of follicle-stimulating and testosterone hormones, and/or changing the rate of fertilizing ability of sperms containing y chromosome. this phenomenon may also be due to loweri...

introduction: current study examined the possible role of the central nucleus of amygdala (cea) transient inactivation on the metabolic and hormonal disturbances induced by acute electro foot shock stress in female rats. considering the differences between female and male in responses to stress, this study attempts to reveal possible mechanisms underlying these differences. methods: uni- or bil...

introduction: the role of ovarian hormones and nitric oxide (no) in learning and memory and their interaction has been widely investigated. the present study carried out to evaluate different effect of l-name on spatial learning and memory of ovariectomized (ovx) and sham operated rats. methods: 32 rats were divided into 4 groups: 1) sham 2) ovx 3) sham-ln and 4) ovx-ln. the animals of groups 3...

objective: melanocortin-4 receptor (mc4r) and agouti-related peptide (agrp) are involved in energy homeostasis in the rat. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of mc4r and agrp mrnas in arcuate nucleus (arc) during long term malnutrition of female ovariectomized rats. materials and methods: ten female ovariectomized rats were divided into two equal groups (n=6) of normal ...

background: poly cystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common female endocrine disorders. one of the side effects of pcos is oxidative stress.. here we investigated antioxidants effects of thymus vulgaris ethanoli extract on experimental pcos induced rats by estradiol-valerat (ppa). methods : wistar female rat (n=70) were divided into 7 groups including c1: an equal volume of (0.9% nacl) as ...