The efficient and sustained immune response of an antigen requires T cell epitopes, capable of inducing a long lasting T cell memory. To detect T cell epitopes of the measles virus fusion protein (MV-F), the proliferation of lymphocytes from late convalescent donors in response to overlapping pentadecapeptides covering the whole protein sequence was studied. Three major immunodominant regions (...

We present a general formalism for studying the interaction between laser fields and degenerate-Zeemansublevel atoms correct up to the first order in the weak probe field. We derive from this theory the equations of motion for a L-type system involving S1/2, F52↔P1/2, F851↔S1/2, F51 transitions in Rb atoms. These equations are used to numerically investigate the coherent population trapping ~CP...

The gene encoding an alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase from Thermobacillus xylanilyticus D3, AbfD3, was isolated. Characterization of the purified recombinant alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase produced in Escherichia coli revealed that it is highly stable with respect to both temperature (up to 90 degrees C) and pH (stable in the pH range 4 to 12). On the basis of amino acid sequence similarities, this 56,...

The flows of traded goods across countries are known to follow a gravity pattern: their volumes are greater between countries that are larger in size and closer to each other. We find a similar pattern in the flows of territories across countries between 1870 and 2008. During this period, countries experienced inflows and outflows of territories, mirroring the international flows of goods. We f...

In an interconnected world, economic and political interests inevitably reach beyond national borders. Since policy choices generate external costs, foreign state non-state actors have interest in influencing actions other sovereign countries to their advantage. Foreign influence is a strategic choice aimed at internalizing these externalities takes three principal forms: (i) voluntary agreemen...

The M•CORE microRISC architecture has been developed to address the growing need for long battery life among today’s portable applications. In this paper, we will present the low-power design techniques and architectural trade-offs made during the development of this processor. Specifically, we will discuss the initial benchmarking, the development of the Instruction Set Architecture (ISA), the...

This paper compares internationally-tradeable permits with a uniform carbon price, as seen through the lens of an individual country. To ensure a level playing field, these two approaches are initially calibrated to be welfare-equivalent for the country in a deterministic setting. While both price and quantity instruments have identical consequences under perfect certainty, outcomes differ subs...