In this paper, we describe our application of SPIN [1] to model an algorithm used to synchronize the clocks of modules that provide periodic real-time communication over a network. We used the SPIN model to check certain performance properties of the system; in particular, we were able to verify that the algorithm achieves synchronization within a time bound, even in the presence of certain typ...

The completion mode (individual, collaborative) of the tasks and the conditions under which these modes are performed have been reported to play an important role in language learning. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of employing text editing tasks performed both individually and collaboratively, on the achievement of English grammar under explicit and implicit learning condi...

Option contracts can be valued by using the Black-Scholes equation, a partial differential equation with initial conditions. An exact solution for European style options is known. The computation time and the error need to be minimized simultaneously. In this paper, the authors have solved the Black-Scholes equation by employing a reasonably accurate implicit method. Options with known analytic...

We consider numerical solution of Coupled Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation. We prove stability and convergence in the L2 space for an explicit scheme which estimations is used for implicit scheme and compare both method. As a test we compare numerical solutions of Manakov system with known analytical solitonic solutions and as example of general system evolution of two impulses with different gro...

the iranian civil code has limited the effects of unknown condition to nullification of such condition provided that it results in ignorance with respect to consideration. the code conveys no explicit provision concerning the effect of such condition not resulting in the ignorance. unknown condition refers to a condition on which there is not complete and comprehensive knowledge. this article l...