Fe–Mg exchange is the most important solid solution involved in for Fe–Mg exchange between the coexisting crystalline phases and melt, KdFe–Mg, show a relatively simple and predictable behaviour partial melting of spinel lherzolite, and the system CaO– MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–FeO (CMASF) is ideally suited to explore with pressure and temperature: the coefficients for olivine and spinel do not show signi...

An advanced continuum model for nanoscale melting and kinetic superheating of an aluminum nanolayer irradiated by a picosecond laser is formulated. Barrierless nucleation of surface premelting and melting occurs, followed by a propagation of two solid-melt interfaces toward each other and their collision. For a slow heating rate of Q = 0.015 K ps(-1) melting occurs at the equilibrium melting te...

Shock-state temperature and sound-speed measurements on crystalline materials, demonstrate superheating-melting behavior distinct from equilibrium melting. Shocked solid can be superheated to the maximum temperature, Tc′ . At slightly higher pressure, Pc, shock melting occurs, and induces a lower shock temperature, Tc. The Hugoniot state, (Pc, Tc), is inferred to lie along the equilibrium melti...

We have investigated the equilibrium melting point of gallium as a temperature fixed-point at which to calibrate small thermistor thermometers, such as those used to measure temperature in enzyme reaction analysis and other temperature-dependent biological assays. We have determined that the melting temperature of "6N" (99.999% pure) gallium is 29.770 +/- 0.002 degrees C, and that the constant-...

The thermal deactivation of TEM-1 β-lactamase was examined using two experimental techniques: a series of isothermal batch assays and a single, continuous, non-isothermal assay in an enzyme membrane reactor (EMR). The isothermal batch-mode technique was coupled with the three-state "Equilibrium Model" of enzyme deactivation, while the results of the EMR experiment were fitted to a four-state "m...