Abstract This study examines the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in the developing economies of West Africa using a total of 32 cross sectional observations for each of the 16 countries of West Africa given a balance panel of 512 observations covering the periods 1980 through to 2012. The study estimated both the fixed effect and random effect model but however, the Hausman te...

The optical structure of general commercial interferometers, e.g., the Michelson interferometers, is based on a non-common optical path. Such interferometers suffer from environmental effects because of the different phase changes induced in different optical paths and consequently the measurement precision will be significantly influenced by tiny variations of the environmental conditions. Fab...

background maternal passive smoking or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke may be a risk factor for maternal and newborn morbidity. objectives the current study aimed to assess the relationship between preterm delivery and tobacco smoke exposure in pregnant woman referring to the shabih-khani maternity hospital in kashan, iran. patients and methods an analytical retrospective cohort study w...

For most of the weather antenna application, the antenna must be covered with radome to enhance operational efficiency in all weather circumstances. This radome provides environmental protection and along with that it enhances antenna performance. The antenna manufacturer must evaluate radome scattering level so that they can estimate the parameter of cost effective antenna and can provide maxi...

Environmental pollutants which alter endocrine function are now known to decrease vertebrate reproductive success. There is considerable evidence for endocrine disruption from aquatic ecosystems, but knowledge is lacking with regard to the interface between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Here, we show for the first time that birds foraging on invertebrates contaminated with environmental p...