Reducing the exhaust emissions of an spark ignition engine by means of engine modifications requires consideration of the effects of these modifications on the variations of crankshaft torque and the engine roughness respectively. Only if the roughness does not exceed a certain level the vehicle do not begin to surge. This paper presents a method for controlling the air-fuel ratio for a lean bu...

the subjects of heat transfer and cooling system are very important topics in the internal combustion engines (ice). in modern cooling systems, low weight, small size and high compactness are the critical designing criteria that requires heat transfer enhancement. boiling phenomenon which is occurred in the water jacket of the ice is one of the methods to increase heat transfer in the coolant s...

A state of the art of 3D surface characterization techniques in the automotive and steel industries is presented, and links with mathematical morphology are highlighted. A surface topography decomposition method is described. It decomposes a surface into three elements: reference surface (waviness and form), superficial roughness (related to friction and wear) and valleys (related to lubricant ...

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Many factors influence a vehicle’s rate of fuel consumption. Among them are engine efficiency, speed, aerodynamics, and rolling resistance. When it comes to the influence that pavement characteristics have on fuel consumption, one of the major contributors is surface roughness which impacts rolling resistance; more energy is required to propel a vehicle over a rough surface than over a smooth s...

Surface roughness is used to determine and evaluate the quality of a final product in turned parts. In order to get better surface finish, the proper setting of cutting parameters is crucial before the process takes place. Titanium Grade 5 material is one whose surface hardness is high and it is used for making Aerospace engine components, titanium rod and ideal materials for medical implements...

This paper proposes an approach for optimal design of multilevel systems under uncertainty. The approach utilizes the stochastic extension of the analytical target cascading formulation. The reliability of satisfying the probabilistic constraints is computed by means of the most probable point method using the hybrid mean value algorithm. A linearization technique is employed for estimating the...

The subjects of heat transfer and cooling system are very important topics in the Internal Combustion Engines (ICE). In modern cooling systems, low weight, small size and high compactness are the critical designing criteria that requires heat transfer enhancement. Boiling phenomenon which is occurred in the water jacket of the ICE is one of the methods to increase heat transfer in the coolant s...