background: prolonged gnrh-a administration in ivf cycles may have some advantages related to the treatment outcomes. objective: in this study, we aimed to analyse the effect of prolonged gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (gnrh-a) administration on controlled ovarian hyperstimulation outcomes of in vitro fertilization (ivf) patients. materials and methods: in this retrospective study, 55 p...

introduction: pronuclear size, morphology and orientation are known to affect embryo quality and implantation. the present study was aimed at evaluation of the possible relationship between protamine deficiency with pronuclear morphology and also cleavage and embryo quality. material and methods: semen sample of 160 candidate icsi and ivf couples were analyzed for sperm concentration, and motil...

background: polycystic ovaries syndrome (pcos) is the most common disorder in infertile women with ovulation sterility. there are some instances of abnormal endocrine in the women stricken by this syndrome and so the clinical results of ovulating induction in them, because of severe response of ovary against ovulating induction, are very discussing and may lead to different results from those w...

BACKGROUND IVF cycles which result in only one good quality embryo, and a second poor quality embryo present a dilemma when the decision involves transferring two embryos. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a poor quality embryo has a negative effect on a good quality embryo when transferred along with a good quality embryo. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated in vitro fertilizati...

introduction: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sperm protamine deficiency on fertilization and embryo development post icsi. material and methods: semen samples from 27 patients candidate for icsi were assessed for semen parameters. sperm processing was carried out using pure sperm and percentage of protamine deficient sperm was assessed by chromomycin a3 post processing. cor...

assessment of embryo quality in order to choose the embryos that most likely result in pregnancy is the critical goal in assisted reproductive technologies (art). the current trend in human in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer (ivf/et) protocols is to decrease the rate of multiple pregnancies after multiple embryo transfer with maintaining the pregnancy rate at admissible levels (according to...

The implantation of embryo depends on the quality of the embryo and the receptivity of the endometrium. While the factors affecting embryo quality were optimized, the implantation rates did not reach the desirable levels. This directs the blaming for endometrial receptivity which already has been affected by supra-physiological levels of hormone, namely estradiol, in controlled ovarian hypersti...