Background: Nowadays, gamete and embryo donation is applied as effective process in treatment infertility problems. In order to participate in the process of donation, donors should complete an extensive questionnaire that details their personal and family medical history. Included in this questionnaire should be a detailed sexual history, substance abuse history, history of family disease, and...

Embryo transfer is a multi-step process that involves the production and collection of preimplantation embryos from genetically superior females (called donors) and the subsequent transfer of the harvested embryos into reproductively healthy females (called recipients) for the purpose of establishing pregnancies and producing live offspring. The first successful embryo transfer in mammals was p...

although passing the method of embryo donation to sterile spouses act in 2003 was a positive step toward regularizing one of assisted reproduction methods, but it may be criticized due to some vagueness in its content, lack of sanction, and referring many essential issues to bylaw.  one of the most important problems of this act is that it does not clarity parentage and the legal effects of emb...

One of the most powerful tools used to gain insight into complex developmental processes is the analysis of chimeric embryos. A chimera is defined as an organism that contains cells from more than one animal; mosaics are one type of chimera in which cells from more than one genotype are mixed, usually wild-type and mutant. In the zebrafish, chimeras can be readily made by transplantation of cel...

BACKGROUND Since the identity of the embryo is of outmost importance during commercial in vitro embryo production, bovine oocytes and embryos have to be cultured strictly per donor. Due to the rather low yield of oocytes collected after ovum pick-up (OPU) per individual cow, oocyte maturation and embryo culture take place in small groups, which is often associated with inferior embryo developme...

the use of donated embryos has offered hope for infertile couples who have no other means to have children. in iran, fertility centers use fertile couples as embryo donors. in this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of this procedure will be discussed. we conclude that embryo-donation should be performed with frozen embryos thus preventing healthy donors from being harmed by fertility drug...

Factors affecting pregnancy rate of 5627 Zebu embryos in crossbred females with unknown proportions of Holstein and Zebu breeding were examined. After evaluation for developmental stage, quality, and viability, embryos were immediately transferred to recipients. Pregnancy diagnosis was conducted approximately 53 d after transfer; pregnancy rate was coded as a binomial event and analyzed using l...

The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the factors influencing developmental stage of bovine embryos recovered from superovulated dairy cattle 7 d after estrus. From 217 superovulated dairy cows and heifers, 2,211 eggs were recovered, of which 1,495 were classified as transferable embryos based on morphological evaluation of developmental stage and quality. From the evaluated...

The efficiency to produce offspring by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is low. It has been showed that treatment of donor cells with Xenopus oocyte extract increased live births in ovine and handmade cloned embryo development in pigs. Scriptaid treatment after oocyte activation is another approach to improve SCNT efficiency. The present study was carried out to investigate (a) the effects ...