Background & Aims: Allergic reaction is a common side effect of Efavirenz and drug replacement may not be an option to physicians. Here, a successful drug desensitization experiment on an 8-year-old female child over a period of 9 days is reported. Case presentation: The patient was an 8-year old female child with HIV in Kerman, Iran who had been received oral efavirenz together with lamivudine...

BACKGROUND The optimal penetration of antiretroviral agents into the central nervous system may be a balance between providing adequate drug exposure to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication while avoiding concentrations associated with neuronal toxicities. METHODS Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) exposure of efavirenz and the metabolites 7-hydroxy (7OH) and 8-hydroxy (8OH) efaviren...

Recently, published studies have reported conflicting results regarding the association between efavirenz exposure and the risk of suicidality among patients with human immunodeficiency virus. The objective of this analysis was to compare the rate of suicidality among patients initiating efavirenz-containing versus efavirenz-free antiretroviral (ARV) regimens.This retrospective cohort study use...

Efavirenz, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, has been an important component of the treatment of HIV infection for 10 years and has contributed significantly to the evolution of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The efficacy of efavirenz has been established in numerous randomized trials and observational studies in HAART-naive patients, including those with advanced...

OBJECTIVE To assess efavirenz plasma concentrations and their association with treatment efficacy and tolerance of efavirenz 600 mg daily in HIV-tuberculosis co-infected patients. METHODS HIV-infected adults with CD4+ T cell count ≤ 200/mm(3) received standard 6-month tuberculosis treatment and antiretroviral therapy including a daily-dose of 600 mg of efavirenz, irrespective of their body we...

Efavirenz primary and secondary metabolism was investigated in vitro and in vivo. In human liver microsome (HLM) samples, 7- and 8-hydroxyefavirenz accounted for 22.5 and 77.5% of the overall efavirenz metabolism, respectively. Kinetic, inhibition, and correlation analyses in HLM samples and experiments in expressed cytochrome P450 show that CYP2A6 is the principal catalyst of efavirenz 7-hydro...

Background The dolutegravir-based antiretroviral regimen is the preferred first-line for management of people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Nepal recently. It considered safe to transition a children and adults on Nevirapine Efavirenz-based regimens.
 Objective To determine virologic response following Dolutegravir-based previously taking regimen.
 Method This retrospect...

INTRODUCTION Efavirenz is an inducer of drug metabolism enzymes. We studied the effect of efavirenz and ritonavir-boosted darunavir on serum unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin, as probes for UGT1A1 and bile transporters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Healthy volunteers were enrolled in a clinical trial. There were 3 periods: Period 1, 10 days of darunavir 900 mg with ritonavir 100 mg once daily; P...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the pharmacokinetic interactions between efavirenz and rifampicin (rifampin) in patients with HIV infection and tuberculosis. DESIGN Nonblind, randomised, pharmacokinetic study. PATIENTS 24 patients (21 male, 3 female; mean age 37 years) with HIV infection and tuberculosis. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomised to one of the following treatments: group A (n = 16) re...

OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of the major efavirenz metabolizing enzyme (CYP2B6) genotype and the effects of rifampicin co-treatment on induction of CYP3A by efavirenz. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two study arms (arm 1, n = 41 and arm 2, n = 21) were recruited into this study. In arm 1, cholesterol and 4β-hydroxycholesterol were measured in HIV treatment-naive patients at baseline and then at 4 a...