equal channel angular rolling (ecar) is a severe plastic deformation method that covered plasticdeformation of sheets. in this study, effects of ecar route shave been investigated on themechanical and microstructure properties of explosive-welded al-cu bimetal. at first, the explosivewelding process has been performed to prepare the al-cu bimetals. then, to relieve the stress andpreparing of sa...

This article deals with an intelligent adaptive neural network (ANN) controller for a direct torque controlled (DTC) electric vehicle (EV) propulsion system. With the realization of artificial intelligence (AI) conferred controllers, control car (eCAR) motor can be achieved by estimating stator reference flux voltage used to synthesize space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) DTC scheme. The...

Equal channel angular rolling (ECAR) is a severe  plastic deformation (SPD) technique which has been used to produce metal sheets with ultra-fine grain structure. In the present work, the relationships between the mechanical properties and microstructure of samples during the ECAR process have been investigated. The Rietveld method was applied to analyze the X-ray diffraction pattern and to det...

Equal channel angular rolling (ECAR) is a severe plastic deformation method that covered plastic deformation of sheets. In this study, effects of ECAR route shave been investigated on the mechanical and microstructure properties of explosive-welded Al-Cu bimetal. At first, the explosive welding process has been performed to prepare the Al-Cu bimetals. Then, to relieve the stress and preparing o...

Equal channel angular rolling (ECAR) is a severe plastic deformation method that covered plastic deformation of sheets. In this study, effects of ECAR route shave been investigated on the mechanical and microstructure properties of explosive-welded Al-Cu bimetal. At first, the explosive welding process has been performed to prepare the Al-Cu bimetals. Then, to relieve the stress and preparing o...

In this paper, an artificial intelligence (AI)-integrated direct torque control (DTC) scheme is developed for electric vehicle (EV or eCAR) propulsion motor drive. addition, a comparison made between adaptive neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA)-based controllers. The integration of AI into EVs has attracted the attention many researchers in terns if drive control, dynamic stability,...

Macrophages integrate information from the tissue microenvironment and adjust their effector functions according to the prevalent extracellular stimuli. Therefore, macrophages can acquire a variety of activation (polarization) states, and this functional plasticity allows the adequate initiation, regulation, and resolution of inflammatory responses. Modulation of the glucose metabolism contribu...