We propose a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) that can be operated in eyes-closed (EC) state. To evaluate the feasibility of NIRS-based EC BCIs, we compared the performance of an eye-open (EO) BCI paradigm and an EC BCI paradigm with respect to hemodynamic response and classification accuracy. To this end, subjects performed either mental arithmetic or imag...

In 2 studies, the authors investigated whether evaluative conditioning (EC) is an associative phenomenon. Experiment 1 compared a standard EC paradigm with nonpaired and no-treatment control conditions. EC effects were obtained only when the conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (UCS) were rated as perceptually similar. However, similar EC effects were obtained in both control gr...

The proliferation of the Internet Things (IoT) devices and advances in their computing capabilities give an impetus to Edge Computing (EC) paradigm that can facilitate localize data storage. As a result, limitations like network connectivity issues, mobility constraints, real-time processing delays, Cloud be addressed more efficiently. EC create lot opportunities across breadth IT domains cyber...

We investigated in two experiments whether selective attention processes modulate evaluative conditioning (EC). Based on the fact that the typical stimuli in an EC paradigm involve an affect-laden unconditioned stimulus (US) and a neutral conditioned stimulus (CS), we started from the assumption that learning might depend in part upon selective attention to the US. Attention to the US was manip...

as claimed by many behavioral scientists, designing should be based on the knowledge of interaction between human and environment. environmental quality is also created in the context in which humans interact with their environment. to achieve such quality, designers should develop appropriate models for explaining this relationship, and this requires an understanding of human nature and the en...

Our preferences and evaluations are often affected by contextual factors. One unavoidable context is language. We used an evaluative conditioning (EC) paradigm (pairing neutral stimuli with emotional or stimuli) to investigate whether our equally conditioned in a first (L1) second language (L2). An EC effect was observed both languages, however, if L1 it occurred independently of recollection t...

Two experiments are described that investigate the effects of attention in moderating evaluative conditioning (EC) effects in a picture-picture paradigm in which previously discovered experimental artifacts (e.g., Field & Davey, 1999 ) were overcome by counterbalancing conditioned stimuli (CSs) and unconditioned stimuli (USs) across participants. Conditioned responses for individuals who had a...

Methods for Statistical Inference: Extending the Evolutionary Computation Paradigm A dissertation presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts by Hugues Juill e In many instances, Evolutionary Computation (EC) techniques have demonstrated their ability to tackle ill-structured and poorly understood problems against which tra...

Embodied Cognition (EC) is a comprehensive approach to, and framework for, the study of the mind. EC treats cognition as a coordinated set of tools evolved by organisms for coping with their environments. Each of the key terms in this characterization—tool, evolved, organism, coping, and environment—has a special significance for understanding the mind that is discussed in this article. Althoug...

Abstract Predictive processing (PP) and embodied cognition (EC) have emerged as two influential approaches within cognitive science in recent years. Not only PP EC been heralded “revolutions” “paradigm shifts” but they motivated a number of new interesting areas research. This has prompted some to wonder how compatible the views might be. paper looks weigh on issue PP-EC compatibility. After ou...