rangeland ecosystems shift across dynamic thresholds between differentecological states in response to natural or human-induced factors. these differentecological states are the result of interactions among climate, soils, grazing history,and management practices. the notion of a single ‘‘pristine’’ final state is onlyconceptual in nature, and because of this, dynamic thresholds and the effects...

This work studies the effects of dynamic threshold design techniques on the speed and power of digital circuits. A new dynamic threshold transistor structure has been proposed to improve performances of digital circuits. The proposed switched-capacitor dynamic threshold PMOS (SC-DTPMOS) scheme employs a capacitor along with an NMOS switch in order to effectively reduce the threshold voltage of ...

Due to the important role of the boiler-turbine units in industries and electricity generation, it is important to diagnose different types of faults in different parts of boiler-turbine system. Different parts of a boiler-turbine system like the sensor or actuator or plant can be affected by various types of faults. In this paper, the effects of the occurrence of faults on the actuators are in...

A psychoacoustic experiment has been conducted to determine the difference limen (DL) of the level of music reproduced in a listening room. The effects of three factors on the DL were measured using up to twelve trained subjects. The factors were music motif (Mozart, Elgar, Smashing Pumpkins), listening level (50, 60, 65, 70, 80 dB, A-weighted Leq) and dynamic range. It was hypothesised that th...

An (m, n) threshold scheme is to decompose the master key K into n secret shadows in such a way that the master key K cannot be reclaimed unless any m shadows are collected. However, any m 1 or fewer shadows provide absolutely no information about K. In 1989, Laih et al. proposed the concept of dynamic threshold schemes which allow the master key to be updated without changing the secret shadow...