We applied the strength-energy model of self-control to understand the relationship between self-control and young athletes' behavioral responses to taking illegal performance-enhancing substances, or "doping." Measures of trait self-control, attitude and intention toward doping, intention toward, and adherence to, doping-avoidant behaviors, and the prevention of unintended doping behaviors wer...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Anabolic steroids are synthetic derivatives of testosterone, modified to enhance its anabolic actions (promotion of protein synthesis and muscle growth). They have numerous side effects, and are on the International Olympic Committee's list of banned substances. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry allows identification and characterisation of steroids and their metabo...

Mass spectrometry has played a decisive role in doping analysis and doping control in human sport for almost 40 years. The standard of qualitative and quantitative determinations in body fluids has always attracted maximum attention from scientists. With its unique sensitivity and selectivity properties, mass spectrometry provides state-of-the-art technology in analytical chemistry. Both anti-d...

1Adjunct Professor, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense. Specialist in Sports Medicine from Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Exercício e do Esporte (SBMEE) and Cardiology from Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (SBC). Former President of the Brazilian Society of Sports Medicine (2009/2011). Secretary General of the Panamerican Confederation of Sports Medicine (Copamede). Tr...

Impact ionization in fully depleted (FD) Silicon On Insulator (SOI) n-Channel MOSFET is investigated as a function of the doping concentration. We have found that impact ionization increases with the decrease in the doping concentration and vice versa. Simulation results obtained from Sentaurus TCAD with the higher doping concentration can control the threshold voltage (Vth). Furthermore we hav...