background the current study aimed to determine eye care utilization, to assess the role of economic inequality in the utilization of eye care services, and to identify its determinants in shahroud, north of iran.   methods of the 6,311 invited people, 5,190 (82.24%) individuals aged 40 to 64 years old participated in the study. a history of a visit by an ophthalmologist or optometrist was cons...

background and purpose: health indices, regarding to their role in the development of society, are one of the most important indices at national level. success of national development programs is largely dependent on the establishment of appropriate goals at the health sector, among which access to healthcare facilities is an essential requirement. the aim of this study was to examine the dispa...

to achieve sustainable urban development and values from social justice; it is essential that all citizens enjoy resources, facilities and life opportunities equally. due to lack of a stable or systematic approach of measuring urban problems, disparity in environmental conditions or access to social and physical infrastructures is more obvious, especially in the cities of developing countries. ...

Background: Due to the unpredictable nature of disasters, it is crucial to anticipate, define and divide tasks as preparedness activities to respond efficiently. This is because the organizations involved in, becoming aware of their own tasks and other organizations’ tasks. The aim of this study was to explore discrepancies in the viewpoints of members of Kerman University of medical sciences a...

The issues of disparities, regional imbalance development and attempt to reducing development disparities among various regions have been attracted considerable attention among researchers, planners and policy makers. In this regard, this study employs a mathematical programing model for budget resources allocation among Iran provinces in order to development disparities reduction among them. I...

background: the present study was conducted to assess the trend of geographical disparities in child and maternal mortality rates in 20 districts of east azerbaijan, in the northwest of iran, between 1999 and 2013.   methods: data on to health indicators between 1999 and 2013, extracted from population registry panels (zij), was made available for the study by the east azerbaijan health center....

INTRODUCTION The 2010 Census revealed the population of Latino and Asian children grew by 5.5 million, while the population of white children declined by 4.3 million from 2000-2010, and minority children will outnumber white children by 2020. No prior analyses, however, have examined time trends in racial/ethnic disparities in children's health and healthcare. The study objectives were to ident...

UNLABELLED The purpose of our review is to evaluate critically the recent literature on racial and ethnic disparities in pain and to determine how far we have come toward reducing and eliminating disparities in pain. We examined peer-reviewed research articles published between 1990 and early 2009 that focused on racial and ethnic disparities in pain in the United States. The databases used wer...

Cancer mortality and survival rates are much poorer for Black patients than for White patients. We argue that Black-White treatment disparities are a major reason for these disparities. We examine three specific kinds of Black-White treatment disparities: disparities in information exchange in oncology interactions, disparities in the treatment of breast cancer, and disparities in the treatment...