The properties of the enzyme alkyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase (1-O-acyl dihydroxyacetone 3-phosphate + ROH 1-0-alkyl dihydroxyacetone 3-phosphate + fatty acid) in Ehrlich ascites tumor cell microsomes were studied utilizing a new assay procedure. The assay is based on the difference of partition coefficient between alkyl dihydroxyacetone-P and hexadecanol in an alkaline two-phase CHC&-...

Rates of phosphatidate synthesis from dihydroxyacetone phosphate via acyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate or glycerol phosphate are compared in homogenates of 13 tissues, most of which are deficient in glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.8). In all tissues examined, dihydroxyacetone phosphate entered phosphatidate more rapidly via acyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate than via glycerol phosphate. T...

An NADP(+)-dependent dihydroxyacetone reductase, which catalyzes specifically the reduction of dihydroxyacetone to glycerol, has been isolated from the halophilic alga Dunaliella parva. The enzyme has been purified about 220-fold. It has a molecular weight of about 65,000 and is highly specific for NADPH. The pH optima for dihydroxyacetone reduction and for glycerol oxidation are 7.5 and 9.2, r...

We have previously presented evidence that acyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate is converted to O-alkyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate via an endiol intermediate which then accepts a fatty alcohol to form O-alkyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate. We have further proposed that, in the absence of fatty alcohol, the endiol derivative of acyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate reacts with water to form dihydroxyacetone p...

A multienzyme system composed by recombinant dihydroxyacetone kinase from Citrobacter freundii, fuculose-1-phosphate aldolase and acetate kinase, allows a practical one-pot C-C bond formation catalysed by dihydroxyacetone phosphate-dependent aldolases from dihydroxyacetone and an aldehyde.

Interactions of specific and nonspecific agents at the dihydroxyacetone-P and glyceraldehyde-3-P sites of rabbit muscle aldolase are shown by several methods: quenching of protein fluorescence, protection against the destructive action of trypsin, the inhibition of initial rates and of equilibrium exchange rates, and the inactivation caused by NaBH4. It is concluded from inactivation and labeli...

The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the kinetics of dihydroxyacetone production by Gluconobacter frateurii CGMCC 5397 under different oxygen volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) conditions in submerged bioreactors using biodiesel-derived crude glycerol as the carbon source. kLa is a key fermentation parameter for the production of dihydroxyacetone. Cultivations were cond...

The cerebro-hepato-renal (Zellweger) syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder biochemically characterized by the absence of morphologically distinguishable peroxisomes. Key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of ether phospholipids, i.e., dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase and alkyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase, are located in mammalian (micro)peroxisomes. We have previously ...

Two dihydroxyacetone kinases (DHAKs), DHAK I and DHAK II, were purified to homogeneity from Schizosaccharomyces pombe IFO 0354. They were immunologically different from each other. Although both of the enzymes had some affinity for glycerol and dl-glyceraldehyde in addition to dihydroxyacetone and glyceraldehyde, V(infmax) values for dihydroxyacetone were much higher than those for glycerol and...

The activities, properties, and steady-state kinetics of the five enzymes catalyzing the synthesis of 1-acyl- and 1-alkyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate in the cultured skin fibroblasts from Zellweger syndrome patients and normal controls were studied in detail. Judging from their Km and Vmax values, glycerol phosphate acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.15), acyl/alkyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate reductase (EC ...