Rats given disulfiram (200 mg/kg) or diethyldithiocarbamate (200 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection were exposed to 2 atmospheres absolute oxygen in a hyperbaric chamber or kept in normoxia. By 12 hr of hyperoxia exposure, none of the control but 30% of the disulfiram-treated and 87% of the diethyldithiocarbamate-treated rats had died. Both disulfiram and diethyldithiocarbamate administration ...

The rate constants of the reactions between pulse radiolytically produced superoxide radicals and the Cu(II) chelate of diethyldithiocarbamate were determined at pH 7.0. It was found that diethyldithiocarbamate forms a copper complex, which as no dismutating activity. The removal of the protein bound copper in superoxide dismutase by diethyldithiocarbamate yields the same effect as coordination...

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA is up-regulated in vivo by dibutyryl-cAMP (db-cAMP), the purine-2y receptor agonist 2-methylthio-ATP and Escherichia coli endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Ethanol and diethyldithiocarbamate inhibit LPS-stimulated iNOS mRNA. Their effects on db-cAMP- and 2-methylthio-ATP-stimulated iNOS mRNA remain undefined. We examined the effect of ethanol (4.5 g...

The reaction of the copper of (Cu,Zn)-superoxide dismutase with diethyldithiocarbamate was studied at pH = 7.4 and the results obtained led to a reaction scheme basically different from the conclusion of a previous study (Misra, H. P. (1979) J. Biol. Chem. 254, 11623-11628). The analysis of optical and ESR spectra at 9 and 35 GHz, at different ligand/protein ratios and reaction times, showed th...

A bioassay of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate for possible carcinogenicity was conducted by administering the test chemical in feed to F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. Groups of 50 rats of each sex were administered sodium diethyldithiocarbamate at one of two doses, either 1,250 or 2,500 ppm, for 104 weeks. Groups of 50 mice of each sex were administered sodium diethyldithiocarbamate at one of two dose...

A simple method was developed for speciation and spectrophotometric determination of inorganic As(III) and As(V) using an electrochemical hydride generation technique. For speciation of As(III) and As(V), a graphite rod was used as cathode to reduce As(III) to AsH(3), the rod was then replaced with a tin-lead alloy wire for reducing As(V) to AsH(3). The spectrophotometric determination was base...

The main sources of arsenic emission in Romania are ore smelters and refineries. Arsenic determinations were carried out by the silver diethyldithiocarbamate spectrophotometric method on hair and urine samples taken from smelter workers and individuals residing in two polluted areas and three areas not polluted by arsenic. Arsenic in hair was found to be a more reliable biologic test than tests...

Toxic effects of two heavy metals, cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu), and a fungicide, diethyldithiocarbamate, have been evaluated, alone and in association, on Spirodela polyrhiza duckweed cultivated in a synthetic mineral medium and in a distilled water medium. The composition of the culture medium influenced the toxicity of the three compounds and the effects of their associations were clearly sh...

Recent studies on the mechanism by which disulfiram inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase have provided evidence for the formation of reactive intermediates that are thought to carbamoylate, and thereby inactivate the enzyme. In our study, rats were dosed with either disulfiram (0.25 mmol kg-1 i.p.) or its reduced metabolite diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC; 0.5 mmol kg-1 i.p.) and urine was collected fo...