Characteristics and behavior of the flow in hydraulic structures, a complex phenomenon that isimperative to use software that will beto be study.Gabiony stepped spillway is a simple hydraulicstructures to control erosion downstream of dams, and, depreciation of structures is used. Roughstairway consisting of overflow from the stairs near the crest of the weir is started and continues tohave a l...

Distillation columns are complex processes for modeling and controlling. These columns are significant parts of most chemical industries for separation of components. Control of this process is essential for achieving certain purity for products with a minimum cost. However, nonlinearities, multivariable interaction, non-stationary behavior and severity of disturbances inside the column made th...

This paper analyzes the consequences of incorporating a different rate for tax depreciation than for economic depreciation. Firms most often choose their tax depreciation rate in a strategic way. It would therefore be a coincidence if this optimization process leads to a tax depreciation rate that equals the economic depreciation rate. The implications of a difference between tax depreciation a...

Should a monopolistic vendor adopt the selling model or the leasing model for information goods or services? We study this question in the context of consumer valuation depreciation. Using a two-period game-theoretic model, we consider two types of consumer-side valuation depreciation for information goods or services: vintage depreciation and individual depreciation. Vintage depreciation assum...

The purpose of this paper is to better understand how financial markets use depreciation information that appears in the financial statements . When computing depreciation expense, a firm has discretion in its choice of depreciation method and this choice can impact the amount of depreciation expense and therefore reported earnings. Ceteris paribus, we claim that a firm which reports a low depr...

As part of the recent comprehensive revision of the ’s,  introduced an improved methodology for calculating depreciation. The improved methodology uses empirical evidence on the prices of used equipment and structures in resale markets, which has shown that depreciation for most types of assets approximates a geometric pattern. Previously, the depreciation estimates were derived using st...

Due to the depletion of the fossil fuels and major concerns about the security of energy in the future to produce fuels, the importance of utilizing the renewable energies is distinguished. Nowadays there has been a growing interest for biofuels. Thus, this paper reveals a general optimization model which enables the selection of preprocessing centers for the biomass, biofuel plants, and wareho...