the current paper aims to examine the liability observed in sphere of presentation of goods and services with the infraction of special codes and regulations related to advertising or general codes or regulations of liability with contractual or non-contractual basis. specifically, there are not any mentions about all kinds of these liabilities in the rules of iran. the current research, which ...

road managers, such as the ministry of roads and municipals, are in charge of the construction and maintenance of roads. in cases where the defect of the road or failure to observe the safety rules is effective in a car accident, the road managers may be considered as the liable of the harm. their liability is based on civil liability rules and approved special acts. we analyze the civil liabil...

Software is increasingly used to control systems that can cause harm to the consumer. There is consensus among commentators that many software systems are “products” for purposes of the law of products liability. However, strict products liability in tort has yet to be applied to software products. The day is certainly coming. The Restatement of the Law, Third, Products Liability, explains that...

The article is of a scientific and research nature contains the results project conducted within area Polish civil law commercial law. aim to define concept “defect undertaking” subject legal transaction identify relationship between defect undertaking defects its individual assets. It not only theoretical but also practical significance carry out an analysis this issue, given possibility makin...

BASELINE MODEL. — A simple approach to modeling withholding behavior is with a two-period model. In period one, the agent receives income, w1, and makes a tax prepayment, τ̂ . In addition, savings are determined, s. The remaining income is consumed. In period two, the agent receives income, w2 and interest on savings. In addition, actual taxes, τ 0, are paid. If the prepayment is higher than act...