a structured mathematical model of anaerobic conversion of complex organic materials in non-ideally cyclic-batch reactors for biogas production has been developed. the  model is based on multiple-reaction stoichiometry (enzymatic hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis), microbial growth kinetics, conventional material balances in the liquid and gas phases for a cyclic-batch r...

A structured mathematical model of anaerobic conversion of complex organic materials in non-ideally cyclic-batch reactors for biogas production has been developed. The  model is based on multiple-reaction stoichiometry (enzymatic hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis), microbial growth kinetics, conventional material balances in the liquid and gas phases for a cyclic-bat...

conclusions with the proper operation of wastewater the treatment plant and increasing the retention time, the removal efficiency of the detergents increased. in addition, according to the environmental standards for bod5, cod and the detergents, the results of the present study indicated that the outputs of these parameters from the sbr system were appropriate for agricultural irrigation. resu...

D-lactic acid was produced by Sporolactobacillus sp. strain CASD in repeated batch fermentation with one- and two-reactor systems. The strain showed relatively high energy consumption in its growth-related metabolism in comparison with other lactic acid producers. When the fermentation was repeated with 10% (v/v) of previous culture to start a new batch, D-lactic acid production shifted from be...

conclusions the findings of the current study indicate that at high concentrations of salt, the growth of bacteria reduces so that it stops at a concentration of 50 mg l-1 (5%). thus, the bacterium is halotolerant or halophilic. with an increase in phenol concentration, the growth rate increased. phenol toxicity appears at a concentration of 600 mg l-1. results the phenol concentration of 600 m...

In a large number of industrial semi-batch reactor applications, a single reaction takes place in the reactor and the operational objective is to compute the optimal feed rate of reactants and the optimal batch temperature that optimizes an objective function at the end of a fixed batch time. In this work, it is shown that the optimal operating policy can be split into several time intervals. A...

The objective of this article is to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) versus the more conventional continuous flow reactor (CFR) setup for pilot plant studies. The SBR process can offer many superior features for research applications. The control of operational conditions is more reliable, precise and versatile. Data collection by sampling and on-li...

in this article several control schemes for a pilot scale polymerization reactor are proposed and one of them is selected as the most suitable design. the performances of proposed schemes have been compared through computer simulations. the controllers are pid and chosen reaction is polymerization of methyl methacrylate which is highly exothermic.

toxicity of which on biological wastewater processes, humans, and the environment has been proven in various studies. in this study, the half maximal effective concentration (ec 50 ) of growth inhibition of cadmium, lead, and mercury was assessed on dominant bacterial species present in sequencing batch reactors (sbr). methods: biomass sample was obtained from the biological unit of the sbr est...

nitrate is one of the pollutants of groundwater and the great amount of nitrate in drinking water can bring about some hygienic problems such as methemoglobinema phenomena in children. therefore, this research aims to study the efficiency of photo- fenton in removing nitrate and investigating the variables affecting it in aqueous solutions. this research was carried out in water and wastewater ...