Due to the fact that the buckling-restrained brace core yields subject to both tension and compression, it can adsorb energy and exhibit high ductility rendering it proper for tolerating earthquake loads. One of the important objectives of seismic standards is safeguarding the appropriate ductility for the structures because the structures, in case of being ductile, can dissipate a considerable...

Ductility demand during an earthquake has long been known to be a good measure of structural damage in buildings during earthquakes. For design purposes it is considered a priori according to some rules that may or may not apply to each building. Such ductility parameters are mostly based on the response of a single degree of freedom system to ground motions. However, it has been probed that th...

concentric bracing is one of the most common lateral load resistant systems in building frames, and areapplied to many structures due to their manufacturing simplicity and economics. an important deficiency in thebracing members is their irregular hysteretic loops under cyclic loading. in order to overcome this problem, it isadvised to restrain braces against buckling under compression, since b...

The effect of cumulative damage on the strength requirements of degrading structures is assessed through the evaluation of the target ductility and corresponding strength reduction factors of simple degrading structures. While the reduction on ductility is established through the use of Park and Ang index, the suggestions given by Bojórquez and Rivera are used to model the degradation of the st...

In this paper, the effective parameters on the ductility demand of the seismically base isolated structure are investigated, and then a relation between the strength reduction factor and the target ductility is presented. The investigation has been conducted by modelling the base isolated structure as a two degree of freedom model in the OpenSees software, and the possibility of yielding in the...

In the present study, ten steel-moment resisting frames (SMRFs) having different numbers of stories ranging from 3 to 20 stories and fundamental periods of vibration ranging from 0.3 to 3.0 second were optimized subjected to a set of earthquake ground motions using the concept of uniform damage distribution along the height of the structures. Based on the step-by-step optimization algorithm dev...

Irregularities in bridge pier stiffness concentrate the ductility demand on short piers; while not operating on the longer and more flexible ones. The existence of non-uniform, ductility demand distribution in bridges significantly influences seismic response. As such, this paper proposes a new approach for balancing the ductility demand in irregular bridges by utilizing shape memory alloys (SM...