information asymmetry in stock market can increase the risk of investment which in turn increases the capital cost of firms. bhattacharya (1979) proposed a hypothesis that states dividend can act as a powerful signal in order to solve information asymmetry problem. we measured information asymmetry by lack of earnings transparency. therefore we examine the effect of earnings transparency on cap...

Information asymmetry in stock market can increase the risk of investment which in turn increases the capital cost of firms. Bhattacharya (1979) proposed a hypothesis that states dividend can act as a powerful signal in order to solve information asymmetry problem. We measured information asymmetry by lack of earnings transparency. Therefore we examine the effect of earnings transparency on cap...

bypassing agents are the most commonly used medicines for the treatment of hemophilia patients with inhibitors. the aim of this study is to identify the cost components of management of bleeding vents in hemophilia patients with inhibitors in iran. this study is a cross-sectional study using a bottom-up approach to determine the cost components of treatment of hemophilia patients with inhibitor...

exceeded losses of nonstructural components from structural ones in most demolished buildings in previous earthquakes and its limitation on functionality of critical facilities and building serviceability after earthquakes should be got the point of view for accounting loss of building as a merit for building performance. this paper attempts to demonstrate the significant role of distribution p...

in some data envelopment analysis (dea) applications, some inputs of dmus have negative values with positive cost. this paper generalizes the global cost malmquist productivity index to compare the productivity of dierent dmus with negative inputs in any two periods of times under variable returns to scale (vrs) technology, and then the generalized index is decomposed to several components. th...

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We study the problem of efficient deployment of software components in a service engineering context. Run-time manipulation, adaptation and composition of entities forming a distributed service is a multi-faceted problem challenged by a number of requirements. The methodology applied and presented can be viewed as an intersection between systems development and novel network management solution...