Environmental regulations on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from corn (Zea mays L.)-ethanol production require accurate assessment methods to determine emissions savings from coproducts that are fed to livestock. We investigated current use of coproducts in livestock diets and estimated the magnitude and variability in the GHG emissions credit for coproducts in the corn-ethanol life cycle. The ...

We give some applications of a Hopf algebra constructed from a group acting on another Hopf algebra A as Hopf automorphisms, namely Molnar’s smash coproduct Hopf algebra. We find connections between the exponent and Frobenius-Schur indicators of a smash coproduct and the twisted exponents and twisted Frobenius-Schur indicators of the original Hopf algebra A. We study the category of modules of ...

If the free algebra F on one generator in a variety V of algebras (in the sense of universal algebra) has a subalgebra free on two generators, must it also have a subalgebra free on three generators? In general, no; but yes if F generates the variety V. Generalizing the argument, it is shown that if we are given an algebra and subalgebras, A0 ⊇ · · · ⊇ An, in a prevariety (S P -closed class of ...

In this paper, we first study the species of finite topological spaces recently considered by Fauvet, Foissy, and Manchon. Then, construct a twisted pre-Lie structure on connected spaces. The underlying defines coproduct different from those already defined authors above. end, illustrate link between Grossman–Larson product proposed coproduct.

Using noncocommutative coproduct properties of the quantum algebras, we introduce and obtain, in a bipartite composite system, the Barut-Girardello coherent state for the q-deformed suq(1, 1) algebra. The quantum coproduct structure ensures this normalizable coherent state to be entangled. The entanglement disappears in the classical q → 1 limit, giving rise to a factorizable state. ∗E-mail: ra...

We quantize the Poisson-Lie group SL(2,R)∗ as a bialgebra using the product of Kontsevich. The coproduct is a deformation of the coproduct that comes from the group structure. The resulting bialgebra structure is isomorphic to the quantum universal enveloping algebra Uhsl(2,R).

The question of how to combine monads arises naturally in many areas with much recent interest focusing on the coproduct of two monads. In general, the coproduct of arbitrary monads does not always exist. Although a rather general construction was given by Kelly [15], its generality is reflected in its complexity which limits the applicability of this construction. Following our own research [1...