this prospective study, conducted in 8 cities of iran from 1999 to 2000. out of total 16,573 trauma patients, 106 (0.63%) included in this study had renal injury. this study aimed at investigation of incidence, etiology and management of renal trauma patients in iran. they were 87 (82.1%) male and 19 (17.9%) female patients. renal trauma mechanism was mainly blunt injury (93.4%). road traffic c...

placenta increta, a rare complication of pregnancy, is associated with significant postpartum hemorrhage often requiring emergency hysterectomy. we report a case of conservative management, with a combination of parenteral methotrexate, serial ultrasound and β-hcg assessment. serum β-hcg levels were undetectable after 8 weeks of therapy. a scan at 6 months showed complete involution of the uter...

background:   patellofemoral pain syndrome (pfps) is defined as pain surrounding the patella when sitting with bent knees for prolonged periods of time or when performing activities like ascending or descending stairs, squatting or   athletic activities. patella dislocation is not included in pfps.     purpose:   this review analyzes the evidence based conservative management of pfps.   methods...

introduction: to present our experience about the safety of conservative management in asymptomatic and non-complicated hepatic hydatid cyst in pregnancy.   methods: seven pregnant patients with hepatic hydatid cysts as an incidental finding in routine obstetrical ultrasonography were referred to our center during 2001 to 2008. three patients were visited in the second and the rest in the third...

background: ectopic pregnancy is one of the main problems in women in reproductive age that needs special attention and appropriate strategy should be managed. in some cases expectant management seems good strategy without any medicine or surgery and their possible side effects. but are the outcomes always the same? which outcomes should we expect? case: we have reported 2 patients whose ectopi...

background: recent studies have showed conservative management in selective patients with borderline and malignant ovarian tumors is safe; therefore this management is considered in patients with ovarian tumor who desire to preserve fertility. objective: this study has been performed to evaluate the clinical outcome and fertility in patients with ovarian tumors who were treated conservatively. ...

Macrodontia is a rare but cosmetically challenging dental anomaly. The following case report is described of a young girl with macrodontia central incisors who was treated with direct composite veneer and gingival color composite. The aesthetic outcome was satisfactory without unnecessary loss of teeth.