plastics are well-established for convenient and safe packaging and distribution of food and feed goods. at present, this special sector of the plastic market displays remarkably increasing quantities of its annual production. caused by the ongoing limitation and strongly fluctuating prices of fossil feedstocks, classically used for plastic production, there is an evident trend to switch toward...

strength, flexural modulus, and contraction stress of one orthodontic composite and two flowable composites. Orthodontic brackets were bonded to 45 human maxillary premolars with the composites Transbond XT, Filtek Z-350 flow and Opallis flow and tested for shear bond strength. For measurement of flexural strength and flexural modulus, specimens were fabricated and tested under flexion. For the...

wood is a naturally renewable material with both continuous and isolated pore systems. wood-composite panels have the privilege of offering a homogeneous structure to be used as constructional and structural materials. however, its nature makes it susceptible to biological wood-deteriorating agents, water absorption and thickness swelling, fire, etc. using nano-materials are very easy in the wo...

car body lightening and crashworthiness are two important objectives of car design. due to their excellent performance, composite materials are extensively used in the car industries. in addition, reducing the weight of vehicle is effective in decreasing the fuel consumption. hat shape energy absorber is used in car’s doors for side impact protection. the aim of these numerical models and exper...

This paper deals with the development of a numerical simulation methodology for estimating damages in laminate composite materials caused by a low-speed impact. Experimental tests were performed on laminate plates reinforced with woven carbon fibers and epoxy resin. Three thickness plates were evaluated. The impact loads were transversal and punctual. Two lamina failure criteria were evaluated....

Composite materials have been used extensively in various applications, such as mechanical engineering, aerospace engineering, and aviation thanks to their interesting mechanical properties. However, a substantial drawback in the use of such composite materials is that they absorb a significant amount of moisture when exposed to severe hygrothermal conditions. This factor dramatically affects t...