background: over 90% of pharmacy students’ work in pharmacies after graduation which needs both knowledge and skill, thus one of the most essential courses of their education is pharmacy clerkship. an important part of an educational program is the evaluation of the trainees. different studies show that conventional written exams are not successful in evaluating the skills of the students and c...

background : drug-drug interactions (ddis) are adverse reactions caused by a combination of drugs; they are often predictable and therefore avoidable or manageable. the objective of this study was to evaluate the nature, type and prevalence of potential ddis in prescriptions dispensed in university-based community pharmacies in tehran, iran. methods: from july 2012 to february 2014, sample of 1...

today, due to ever-increasing knowledge and large volumes of information, educational planners of various fields around the world, have been seeking to establish a better and faster refresh for learning. integration can be a good educational strategy by blending different subjects and contents when presented to students. the aim of this study is to evaluate the medical literature about integrat...

conclusions geographic accessibility of pharmacies at night and on holidays has to be addressed by provincial health policymakers. materials and methods the analysis was based on straight-line distance measurements. we considered 150, 300, 450, 600, and 750 m for pedestrians, and 1, 2, and 3 km for driving accessibility as the acceptable distances. we calculated the number and percentage of hou...

background: community pharmacies are considered as ideal settings to provide cardiovascular risk screening (crs). however, little is known about pharmacists’ views on providing such services in developing countries including iran. in the present study, we evaluated the pharmacists’ attitudes and perceived barriers to providing crs services. methods: in a cross-sectional study, a questionnaire i...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a standardized reflection tool on the development of a teaching philosophy statement in a pharmacy residency teaching and learning curriculum program (RTLCP). Pharmacy residents participating in the RTLCP over a two-year period were surveyed using a pre/post method to assess perceptions of teaching philosophy development before and after u...

OBJECTIVE To provide information for community pharmacies considering implementation of a pharmacogenetic testing service. SETTING A single community pharmacy from a regional chain. PRACTICE DESCRIPTION Community pharmacists at the study site routinely provide pharmacy services including medication therapy management, immunizations, point-of-care testing, blood pressure monitoring, and diab...

Although community pharmacies have been the mainstay for drug distribution in the USA, plan members are encouraged to use mail-order pharmacies as a cost-containment strategy. Both channels differ with respect to reimbursement rates, utilization, and costs. We evaluated the differences in reimbursement rates and in ingredient costs between the two dispensing channels. We used pharmacy claims fr...