This is one of the first documented cases of metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty cobalt cardiac toxicity that has led to patient death. A 69-year-old female presented to our institution with cardiac failure secondary to cobalt toxicity resulting from bilateral MoM total hip arthroplasty. Her presenting metal ion levels were a cobalt level of 199 ppb and a chromium level of 77 ppb. She u...

Cobalt is essential for growth of Salmonella enterica and other organisms, yet this metal can be toxic when present in excess. Wild-type Salmonella exhibits several metabolic defects when grown in the presence of cobalt, some of which generate visible growth consequences. Work herein identifies sulfur assimilation, iron homeostasis, and Fe-S cluster metabolism as targets for cobalt toxicity. In...

Cobalt has been widely used in the treatment of anemia and as a hypoxia mimic in cell culture and it is known to activate hypoxic signaling by stabilizing the hypoxia inducible transcription factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha). However, cobalt exposure can lead to tissue and cellular toxicity. These studies were conducted to determine the role of HIF1alpha in mediating cobalt-induced toxicity. Mouse embr...

Hazardous waste sites are commonly contaminated with both organic and metal pollutants. Many metal pollutants have been shown to inhibit organic pollutant biodegradation. We investigated the ability of a modified, polydentate cyclodextrin (carboxymethyl-beta-cyclodextrin, CMCD) to reduce the toxicity of 33.4 microM cadmium, cobalt or copper during naphthalene degradation by a Burkholderia sp. i...

The facultative anaerobic enterobacterium Escherichia coli requires the activity of nickel-containing hydrogenase for its anaerobic growth. Deficiency of the specific nickel transport system led to a hydrogenase-minus phenotype and slowed down the fermentative growth in the nik mutant. Addition of 300 microM nickel to the growth medium could restore the hydrogenase activity. This restoration re...

This case illustrates the potential for systemic cobalt toxicity in non-metal-on-metal bearings and its potentially devastating consequences. We present a 71-year-old male with grinding sensations in his right hip following ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty (THA). After diagnosing a fractured ceramic liner, the hip prosthesis was revised into a metal-on-polyethylene bearing. At one year...

Stem cell research can lead to the development of treatments for a wide range of ailments including diabetes, heart disease, aging, neurodegenerative diseases, spinal cord injury, and cancer. OCT4 is a master regulator of self-renewal of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells. OCT4 also plays a crucial role in reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Given known ...

Cobalt is a chemical element that has been used for centuries recreationally as pigments for colouring, giving the bluish hue to glass. Cobalt Poisoning can be manifested by a wide array of systemic effects. Cobalt poisoning can be seen as a result of super alloys in orthopaedic implants, ionizing radiation, occupational exposure and rarely as a foam stabilizer in beer. Here in we conduct a rev...

All chambers of the heart are affected in experimental cobalt cardiomyopathy, with atrial predilection. The primary morphological alteration is mitochondrial damage that possibly reflects an enzymatic block of oxidative decarboxylation at pyruvate and ketogluterate levels. In acute cobalt toxicity chelation of calcium may also be a contributory factor, resulting in deficient utilization of high...