This paper reviews the best known techniques using circular dichroism spectroscopy such as conventional circular dichroism (i.e. electronic circular dichroism), magnetic circular dichroisms (magnetic vibrational circular dichroism, x-ray magnetic circular dichroism), fluorescence detected circular dichroism, near-infrared circular dichroism, vibrational circular dichroism, Fourier transform inf...

background glucose is an essential element in the supply of body’s energy. in diseases such as diabetes, glucose increase is associated with disturbance in metabolism. cortisol is an important hormone in the regulation of glucose metabolism, and human serum albumin (hsa) is one of the most important glucose and cortisol transmitters in blood. interaction between albumin and these ligands could ...

liquid protein formulations are prone to form aggregates. the effect of nonionic surfactants such as polysorbate 20 (ps 20) and n-dodecyl β-d-maltoside (ddm) on the prevention of aggregation and conformational changes of recombinant human ifnβ-1b (rhifn β_1b) was explored. polysorbate has been used in formulations of protein pharmaceuticals. there have been concerns about using ps 20 due to its...

Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy and variable-temperature variable-field (VTVH) MCD are powerful methods for studying the excited and ground states of paramagnetic systems. Notably, these methods provide detailed insight into the geometric and electronic structures of catalytically active centers in inorganic and biological systems. In this review, we present the theoretical backg...

F. Willems,1,2,* C. T. L. Smeenk,2 N. Zhavoronkov,2 O. Kornilov,2 I. Radu,1 M. Schmidbauer,3 M. Hanke,4 C. von Korff Schmising,1,2,*,† M. J. J. Vrakking,2 and S. Eisebitt1,2,* 1Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, 10623 Berlin, Germany 2Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany 3Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung, Max-Born-Strasse 2, 12489...

recombinant proteins are tending to be the most favorable vaccine-candidates against botulism. recombinant carboxy-terminal of botulinum neurotoxin serotype e (rbont/e-hcc) has been introduced as an efficient vaccine against botulism type e. in this report, we made an effort to investigate the effect of different ph on protein structure to assess if rbont/e-hcc could be used as a vaccine for or...

A magnetization vector M imaging using a transmission x-ray microscope with magnetic circular dichroism ~MCD! contrast is demonstrated. MCD images through a semitransparent, 33-nm-thick Fe film are measured at the Fe L3 edge along three different x-ray propagation directions to determine all three components of the M. The transmission images clearly display the vector nature of complex microstr...

We present an x-ray magnetic circular dichroism XMCD study performed at the R L2 edge in RAl2 and RT2 T=Fe,Co intermetallic compounds. By analyzing the modification of the XMCD spectra as both the rare earth and the alloyed element Al, Fe, or Co are changed in the compound, an extra contribution, XMCDT, has been identified and undoubtedly associated with the R 5d -T 3d hybridization in Fe and C...

The orbital g-factor and the spin-orbit splittings of the first excited state of F-centres are measured in NaCl, NaBr, KBr and KF crystals by observing absorption and magnetic circular dichroism at various temperatures and using the moments method. Our experimental results and others are compared with Harker’s theoretical values. LE JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE TOME 38, OCTOBRE 1977, Classification Phys...