background and objective: parkinson's disease (pd) is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. in recent years, there have been interests in the role of the free radical damage in pd. cinnamon and its derivative, cinnamaldehyde acts as powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. this research focused on the effects of cinnamon extract and cinn...

Background and Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease that affects 3% of the population. PD involves a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and subsequent loss of dopamine. Dopamine depletion leads to movement dysfunction and is accompanied with tremor, rigid muscle...

Background and Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. In recent years, there have been interests in the role of the free radical damage in PD. Cinnamon and its derivative, cinnamaldehyde acts as powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. This research focused on the effects of cinnamon extract and cinnamald...

Background and Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. In recent years, there have been interests in the role of the free radical damage in PD. Cinnamon and its derivative, cinnamaldehyde acts as powerful antioxidant and antiinflammatory agents. This research focused on the effects of cinnamon extract and cinnamalde...

background and objective: parkinson’s disease (pd) is a common neurological disorder due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons within pars compacta of substantia nigra (snc). with regard to protective effect of malva sylvestris (ms), this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of aquaeous extract of this plant in an experimental model of pd induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-ohda). materials...

Parkinson's disease, also known as movement disorder, is a disorder of the basal ganglia that causes disturbances in and posture but no major paralysis. It has been suggested oxidative stress plays significant part pathogenesis disease. Levodopa replacement therapy dopamine continue to be cornerstones disease treatment. Although levodopa therapy, particular, have ability improve motor symptoms,...

parkinsonism is used to describe a syndrome manifested by any combination of six cardinal features: tremor at rest, rigidity, bradykinesia, loss of postural reflexes, flexed posture and the freezing. decreased dopaminergic neurotransmission in the basal ganglia is the core biochemical pathology in parkinsonism. hereditary parkinsonism includes various heredodegenerative diseases such as hallerv...

background: oleuropein is a phenolic compound which is present in the olive leaf extract. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of oleuropein as an antioxidant agent on the substantia nigra in aged rats. methods: twenty 18-month-old wistar rats (450-550 g) were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. the experimental group received a daily...

Adaptation in the sensory-mechanical loop during locomotion is a powerful mechanism that allows organisms to survive in different conditions and environments. For example, humans can walk on earth gravity, but they switch to hopping on, for example, moon gravity. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans also shows adaptability by employing thrashing behaviour in low viscosity media and crawling in h...