this paper seeks to understand the politician economy implications of nicotine addiction in iran, focusing on the us office of foreign asset control’s (ofac) awarding of iran operations licenses to american tobacco companies. presuming that tobacco taxes, levied both as import duties and ad valorem, would financially benefit the iranian government, such the introduction of a highly desired us p...

objective(s) the primary objective of this study was to determine whether local and imported cigarette brands used in iran, have elevated levels of metals or not. the produced data of cigarette brands are compared both with each other and with the existing brands in different countries. materials and methods in present study, nineteen various cigarettes brands were randomly purchased from the c...

Background: There are many different kinds of cigarettes and tobacco available in the market. Since nicotine content of various brands of cigarettes are very variable, therefore evaluation and comparison of nicotine content of different brands of cigarettes is important. The goal of the present study was to determine and compare nicotine content of various domestic and imported cigarettes avail...

objective: the present study aimed to determine the frequency of drug abused in a sample of university students in rafsanjan, iran. methods: in this cross-sectional study, 1,260 students volunteered (311 males and 949 females) with mean age of 21.35 years. data were collected by a self-administrated questionnaire regarding drugs abuse and demographic information. results: benzodiazepines were t...

background: to define underlying predictors of tobacco smoking among iranian teenagers in a generalized structural equation model. materials and methods: in this cross-sectional study, a generalized structural equation model based on planned behavioral theory was used to explain the relationship among different factors such as demographic factors, subjective norms, and the intention to tobacco ...

Abstract Background Polytobacco product use is increasingly popular, but little known about the prevalence, trend, and factors of such particularly in non-western countries. Method A representative sample 1139 current cigarette smokers aged 15+ (84.1% male) were telephone interviewed Tobacco Control Policy-related Surveys 2015–2017. Information collected included poly-tobacco (PTU), smoking soc...

OBJECTIVES Evaluate trends from 2011-2015 in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among U.S. adolescents, grades 6-12, including prevalence and associations with past month use of cigarettes and other tobacco products, cigarette smoking intensity, quit attempts, and quit contemplation. METHODS Five consecutive waves from the National Youth Tobacco Survey (N = 101,011) were used to estimate ...