conclusions we believe that the sh state in chf patients may be associated with the impaired pattern of circulating emps, with the predominantly increased number of apoptotic-derived microparticles. background subclinical hypothyroidism (sh) is diagnosed biochemically by the presence of normal serum free thyroxine concentration, in conjunction with an elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone ...

heart failure (hf) is one of the main causes of death and disability in the world. the prevalence of hf in developed countries is between 1% and 2% of the adult population and approximately between 6% and 10% in the elderly, giving rise to high costs of care and treatment. indeed, in the united states, the direct and indirect costs exceeded 23 billion dollars in 2002.  hf is typically character...

aim. this study was conducted to examine the effect of acupressure on severity of pain and fatigue in patients with chronic heart failure. background. patients with chronic heart failure experience high levels of pain and fatigue. acupressure is a simple, inexpensive and non-invasive method which may reduce the pain and fatigue in patients with chronic heart failure. method. in this single blin...

objective(s): previous studies showed that skeletal muscle microcirculation was reduced in chronic heart failure. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of endurance training on capillary and arteriolar density of fast and slow twitch muscles in rats with chronic heart failure. materials and methods: four weeks after surgeries (left anterior descending (lad) artery occlusion), chr...

conclusions the abovementioned ivc ultrasonographic criteria for hemodynamic congestion appear clearly inconsistent. alternatively, a sequential or simultaneous combination of clinical scores of congestion, ivc ultrasonographic indices, and circulating levels of natriuretic peptides could be warranted. background among the indices able to replace invasive central venous pressure (cvp) measureme...

Objective(s): Previous studies showed that skeletal muscle microcirculation was reduced in chronic heart failure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of endurance training on capillary and arteriolar density of fast and slow twitch muscles in rats with chronic heart failure. Materials and Methods: Four weeks after surgeries (left anterior descending (LAD) artery occlusion), chr...

objective(s): previous studies showed that skeletal muscle microcirculation was reduced in chronic heart failure. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of endurance training on capillary and arteriolar density of fast and slow twitch muscles in rats with chronic heart failure. materials and methods: four weeks after surgeries (left anterior descending (lad) artery occlusion), chr...

Heart failure is associated with high morbidity and mortality and is proving to be an economic burden in developing countries. A number of therapeutic agents are presently employed in heart failure; but they are not sufficient to control symptoms of heart failure. Moreover, the prevalence of chronic heart failure is progressively increasing and thus there is a continuing need to develop effecti...

background: chronic heart failure (chf) can have negative effects on the quality of life (qol). self-management education is one of the approaches that can be adopted to increase the qol of these patients. this study aimed to determine the effect of self-management training using compact disc (cd) on the qol in patients with chf. methods: this study was a non-randomized controlled clinical tria...